2014 SOTO-USA Clinical Symposium
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Dear Colleague:

The SOT® Research Update is a service offered by SOTO-USA to help doctors become aware of the latest Sacro Occipital Technique® (SOT) research related events, papers, and concepts affecting our practices. Please contact me directly at drcblum@aol.com if you are aware of others who might be interested in receiving this quarterly newsletter.

Don't miss our 15th Annual SOTO-USA Clinical Symposium May 15-17, 2014, in Redondo Beach, California (Los Angeles - 10-15 minutes from LAX).

For information on SOT and Cranial Certification Series seminars: Click here for more information. Don't forget, you can always have SOTO-USA come to you by: Designing Your Own SOT Seminar - Click Here for Information Our regional SOT certification series seminars are happening in both the east and west coast of the United States and soon in Canada. For more information please click here.

On the website we have information about SOT Seminars for Northern and Southern California, Boston, Massachusetts, and are finalizing details for seminars in Florida and Canada. If you are ready to learn SOT by the best SOT instructors in the world then you now have that opportunity.

What are common research terms used in the literature that may help us better understand clinical encounters in our office? Why can these terms help us temper our thoughts about a patient's response to our treatment? SOTO-USA members can now receive discounts to access Dr. M. L. Rees' Archives. This fall 2013 SOT related research will again be shared at the NABIS, IRAPS, and World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Pain Conferences.

SOT is on WikiChiro. and ChiroACCESS. The wikichiro.org site also has information about Dr. DeJarnette, CMRT, and SOT Cranial.

 

6th Annual SOT Research Conference


 

SOT research has been flourishing since the creation of the SOT Research Conferences with multiple presentations of SOT research at conferences internationally. Please consider submitting to next year's 6th Annual SOT Research Conference, click here for information.

SOTO-USA's 2014 National Clinical Symposium will be held May 15-17, 2014 Redondo Beach, California. Minutes from LAX airport and right along the beach for fun and frolic. We have an amazing gathering of instructors and this symposium will be a dynamic educational event.

6th Annual SOT Research Conference & 15th Annual SOTO-USA Clinical Symposium 


 

Terminology: Understanding Patient Response and Research


 

In our clinical encounters with patients we often make determinations of the success of a procedure based upon the patient and doctor's perceptions . Yet when we describe our findings in a research arena or in publications it is common to have our perceptions and those of our patients questioned.

While a term like the placebo effect is commonly used, what does it mean to a doctor in practice? What does it mean when a patient's response may be related to an ideomotor effect or regression to the mean? Why do researchers use terms like control groups, sham procedures, and blinding of subjects/examiners?

 


 

Placebo Effect


 

The placebo effect suggests that a subject's response to an inert intervention can be dependent upon their perception and expectation. de Craen et al found that the color and size of the placebo pill makes a difference, with "hot-colored" pills working better as stimulants while "cool-colored" pills work better as depressants. The challenge for manual healthcare interventions and ruling out a placebo effect is that most hands-on interventions have some kind of an effect and this makes using placebos in manual healthcare studies problematic.

Bialosky et al even took this concept a bit further by suggesting "that manual therapists conceptualize placebo not only as a comparative intervention, but also as a potential active mechanism to partially account for treatment effects associated with manual therapy." While positive suggestions and attitudes may help stimulate a patient's "placebo effect," critics then find it difficult to isolate a patient's therapeutic response to just a specific manual healthcare intervention.

de Craen AJ, Roos PJ, de Vries LA, Kleijnen J. Effect of colour of drugs: systematic review of perceived effect of drugs and of their effectiveness. BMJ. 1996 December 21; 313(7072): 1624-1626.

Bialosky JE, Bishop MD, George SZ, Robinson ME. Placebo response to manual therapy: something out of nothing? J Man Manip Ther. 2011 Feb;19(1):11-9.


 


 

Ideomotor Effect


 

The terms "ideomotor effect, response, and phenomena" were introduced by William Benjamin Carpenter in 1852 as a means to explain his theory of how muscular movement can be independent of conscious desires or emotions. Hyman described how the ideomotor effect demonstrates that "honest, intelligent people can unconsciously engage in muscular activity that is consistent with their expectations."

Ultimately this effect suggests that research using human subjects, where the examiner and subject are not blinded, can often lead to findings unconsciously directed by the examiner and unconsciously performed by the subject. This is a common critique of case reports and of doctors' in clinical practice claiming successes to their interventions.

Stock A, Stock C. A short history of ideo-motor action. Psychol Res. 2004 Apr;68(2-3):176-88.

Hyman R. The Mischief-Making of Ideomotor Action. The Scientific Review of Alternative Medicine. 1999;3(2):34-43.


International Research and Philosophy Symposium SOT Abstracts - Click Here 


 

Control Groups, Sham Interventions, and Subject Blinding.


 

Ideally a control group is a group within a comparative study that has had either no intervention or a sham procedure or some studies have both. A sham procedure is supposedly an intervention that has no therapeutic effect. This was a particular issue with chiropractic when a study by Balon et al found no benefit of chiropractic care on asthma, since both the sham (massage) and chiropractic intervention had the same benefit. However just a few months later a study by Fields et al found that parental massage for asthmatic children had a therapeutic effect.

This called into question the sham procedure used in the Balon study and the conclusions drawn by those authors. Generally a study with a control and sham procedure is more effective when both the examiner and subject are not aware (blinded) to a manual healthcare intervention, yet in most clinical studies this is very difficult or virtually impossible. While sham interventions and blinding is relatively easy with inert red and blue pills, it represents a huge challenge to adequately study chiropractic clinical interventions.

Balon J, Aker PD, Crowther ER, Danielson C, Cox PG, O'Shaughnessy D, Walker C, Goldsmith CH, Duku E, Sears MR. A comparison of active and simulated chiropractic manipulation as adjunctive treatment for childhood asthma. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 8;339(15):1013-20.

Field T, Henteleff T, Hernandez-Reif M, Martinez E, Mavunda K, Kuhn C, Schanberg S. Children with asthma have improved pulmonary functions after massage therapy. J Pediatr. 1998 May;132(5):854-8.

Hawk C, Long CR, Rowell RM, Gudavalli MR, Jedlicka J. A randomized trial investigating a chiropractic manual placebo: a novel design using standardized forces in the delivery of active and control treatments. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Feb;11(1):109-17.


 


 

Regression to the Mean


 

The term "regression to the mean" is used in statistics and helps to explain that if a patient's first response to an intervention is highly unusual it will commonly be closer to their average on the second. Conversely, if the patient's presentation is highly unusual on the second intervention then it was likely closer to the average on the first.

Regression to the mean can bias any investigation when there is not an appropriate control (group) to assess whether an intervention actually had an affect or if the patient was coincidentally recovering from an unusual physical episode, regardless of the intervention. Since this is a common effect in research it must be considered when discussing manual healthcare interventions and a patient's response in a clinical setting.

Shephard RJ. Regression to the mean. A threat to exercise science? Sports Med. 2003;33(8):575-84.

 


 

Dr. M. L. Rees Archives


 

In 2011, Dr. Kenneth Y. Davis received from Dr. Rees' son & daughter, Michael Rees and Debra Rees an enormous amount of archived research that spans over half a century. There were over thirty boxes that consisted of loose-leaf binders, audio tapes, 16 mm reels, floppy discs, and videos of Soft Tissue Orthopedics, Craniopathy, and other Advanced Chiropractic Techniques. All of this material is being digitized and uploaded onto the Archives.

Now for the first time this material is being made available and SOTO-USA members can receive special discounts, click here.

Dr. M. L. Rees Archives 


Sacro Occipital Technique Organization - USA is a 501c3 non-profit, professional organization formed to promote the awareness, understanding and utilization of the Sacro Occipital Technique method of chiropractic as founded and developed by Dr. Major Bertrand DeJarnette.

The SOTO-USA family all looks forward to seeing you May 15-17, 2014, for the 15th Annual Clinical Symposium in Redondo Beach, California. It will be a great opportunity to learn the essence of SOT or advance your SOT training with integrative classes in SOT, CMRT, SOT Extremity, and Cranial.

For those interested in working with the dental profession treating TMD then this symposium is light years ahead of anything else available. We will be sharing our 3rd in a four-part TMJ Chiropractic Certification Course at this seminar and will also present how nasal ballooning techniques can be integrated into SOT care.

SOT Regional Seminars are now available across the USA, for more information please visit the SOTO-USA website or click here.

The "Sacro Occipital Technique®" mark is owned by SOTO-USA.
The "SOT®" mark is owned by SORSI and SOTO-USA is licensed to use the trademark.


Charles L. Blum, DC
Sacro Occipital Technique Organization - USA


phone: 336-793-6524
fax: 336-372-1541