Patellofemoral syndrome is a medical condition that occurs when the patella, otherwise known as the knee cap, does not glide correctly on the thigh bone, or the femur. This results in pain around the knee joint during activity. This condition is commonly experience by runners thus it's layman's term: Runner's Knee.
Patellofemoral disorders are often considered the most common knee pathology encountered by orthopedic and sports medicine clinicians. Some sources say that in the general population, 1 out of 4 will likely experience patellofemoral symptoms at some time in their life. Although patellofemoral disorders represent a common pathology, there is no consensus on the optimal management of this condition. This may be explained, in part, due to the various sources of pain that may be contributing to the disorder. Unfortunately, terms such as "anterior knee pain" and "patellofemoral pain" have become accepted diagnoses with treatment often implemented without clear definitions of the underlying pathophysiology. The common use of such ambiguous and non-specific terms only adds to the confusion regarding optimal care for these patients.
As far as treatment for this condition it can be approached by your physical therapist is this following ways.
Reduce Swelling: The first principle of patellofemoral rehabilitation is the reduction of swelling. Patellofemoral patients often present with joint effusion following injury and postoperatively. Chronic edema (swelling) may also exist due to repetitive microtrauma of the soft tissues surrounding the patellofemoral joint.
Reduce Pain: The second principle of patellofemoral rehabilitation is the reduction of pain. Pain may also play a role in the inhibition of muscle activity observed with joint effusion in other words preventing the muscle from getting stronger to achieve a successful recovery. Pain can be reduced passively through the use of cryotherapy (ice) and anti-inflammatory medication. Immediately following injury or surgery, the use of a commercial cold wrap can be extremely beneficial. Passive range of motion may also provide relief of pain during acute or exacerbated conditions. Various other therapeutic modalities such as ultrasound and electrical stimulation may also be used to control pain. Your physical therapists can evaluate what the best course of action will be too effectively and immediately resolve this condition from worsening and leave you on the road to recovery.
Strengthening: Strengthening of the quadriceps muscles and focus on increased strength and mobility of the hip will be emphasized. After successful improvements have been made in the first two principles the next step will likely be to increase strength and stability in your affected leg. Your physical therapist can create a program which in the case of Patellofemoral knee will involved with but not be limited to hip and quadriceps specific exercises.
During this strengthening stage your physical therapist will also continue using soft-tissue mobility of the knee cap. Stretching of the major muscles in your leg including the hamstring, quad and hip are also a large part of the recovery process during this stage.
If you are encountered increased knee pain or are dealing with some chronic swelling your knee, please remember to visit your doctor or visit you physical therapist. Don't let this very common but painful condition prevent you from enjoying an active and healthy lifestyle!
Source: www.mikereinold.com; accessed October 2009
