Question: When a patient is discharged to home or hospice, then dies, what should be reported as a cause of death?
When reporting the cause of death, it is important to consult source documentation describing the events leading to the recipient's death. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Center for Health Statistics, the "underlying cause of death" is "the disease or injury that initiated the chain of events that led directly or inevitably to death." For example, if an infection leads to heart failure, the infection should be reported as the primary cause of death.
If the recipient dies with evidence of disease, it is not necessarily the de facto cause of death. If the recipient has stable or minimal residual disease and dies, disease is likely a contributing (but not primary) cause of death. Recipients who die following relapsed or progressive disease should have "recurrence, persistence, or progression of disease" reported as their primary cause of death.
It is often difficult to retrieve documents regarding death when it occurs outside a hospital setting. Often a recipient is released to hospice or home care when death appears imminent based on events occurring under medical supervision. In these situations, the cause of death may be reported based upon the events leading to hospice admission. For example, if the recipient is discharged to hospice with progressive disease, then "recurrence, persistence, or progression of disease" may be reported as the primary cause of death. As always, documentation surrounding the cause of death is beneficial when completing CIBMTR forms; entering phone notes, e-mails, the opinion of the recipient's transplant physician, and outside notes into the medical record will provide source documentation for data management and CIBMTR auditors to review the circumstances surrounding the recipient's death. |