|
As structural engineers, who specialize in building projects, we routinely design structures to seamlessly integrate with the architecture of the building. However, the best structural solutions often require reapplying the fundamental engineering principles in innovative ways that compliment, rather than compromise, the architectural design intent.
Even buildings which may on the outset appear to be 'cookie-cutter' can pose challenges that require 'out of the box' thinking. A building which does not allow for columns to be located at corners is a good example.
Approaching every building with a fresh look is the first step in finding a creative structural solution that allows the architect the maximum design flexibility. At the same time, the economical and constructability considerations of the project must be carefully balanced.
Teaming up with a creative structural engineer can add to your competitive advantage and could make the difference between winning or losing a project.
Mohammed Thomad, PE, SE
Principal
|
|
|
Focus on: Basic Understanding of a Truss Structure - PART 1
TRUSS DEFINITION:
A truss is essentially a triangulated system of structural elements. The individual elements are connected at nodes; the connections are usually pinned. The external loads applied to the system and the reactions at the supports are generally applied at the nodes. The principal force in each element in a truss is axial tension or compression. When the connections at the nodes are stiff, secondary bending is introduced.
TRUSS USES AND ADVANTAGES:
Trusses are used in a broad range of buildings, mainly where there is a requirement for very long spans such as in convention centers, ball rooms, auditoriums and other leisure buildings. Trusses can carry heavy loads and minimize deflection. They are also often used as transfer structures above column free spaces. An advantage of the truss is that ducts and pipes that are required for operation of the buildings services can be installed through the truss web.
TRUSS TYPES AND GEOMETRIES:
Trusses comprise assemblies of tension and compression elements. The top and bottom chords of the truss provide the compression and tension resistance to overall bending while the bracing resists the shear forces. A wide range of truss forms can be created. Each can vary in overall geometry and in the choice of the individual elements. Some of the commonly used types include the Pratt, Warren and Fink trusses. Each type has its own limitations, advantages and uses.
DESIGN ASPECTS AND ECONOMICS:
For the same steel weight, it is possible to get better performance in terms of resistance and stiffness, with a truss than an I-beam. This difference is more sensitive for long spans and/or heavy loads. The full use of this advantage is achievable if the height of the truss is not limited by criteria other than structural efficiency, such as total height of the building. However, fabrication of a truss is generally more time consuming than for an I beam, even when considering the modernization of fabrication equipments and time savings.
The balance between minimum weight and minimum cost depends on many conditions: the equipment of the fabrication factory, local cost of manufacturing; the steel unit cost, etc. Trusses generally give an economic solution for spans over 60 feet.
Stay tuned for PART 2 next month.
|
|
Current Projects:
Current projects in design, permitting or under construction:
- Metro Station Canopy in Compton, California
- University of Nevada Las Vegas Accelerator Lab Building
- McCarran International Airport Terminal 1 Remodel
- Dior Store at Bellagio Las Vegas
- Saratoga, California High School Space Frames
Completed projects pending publication in future Structural Moments:
- New York New York Hotel & Casino, Las Vegas, NV Renovations and New Tenant Improvements
 | | New York New York Resort in Las Vegas |
- Ridges House, Las Vegas by Richard Meier & Partners Architects
|
|
|
|
|
|
Who We Are:
THOMAD Engineering is a client focused structural engineering design and consulting firm established in 2003 and based in Las Vegas, Nevada. We are committed to providing creative solutions and excellent services to our clients on a wide range of projects.
To learn more, spend a 'moment' at our website, connect with us on LinkedIn, like our page on Facebook, or follow us on Twitter.
  
|
|
'Structural Moments' Archive:
Archive Homepage
Join Our Mailing List!
'Structural Moments' is a monthly e-newsletter published by the staff of THOMAD Engineering. It is intended to inform our valued clients, associates, and colleagues in the A/E/C industry and stimulate a thoughtful dialogue with them.
|
|
THOMAD Engineering has been a proud member and supporter of the Las Vegas chapter of the AIA since 2003.
|
|
