2) control weeds and woody plants
3) improve forage production
4) recycle nutrients in old plant growth
5) reduce risk of wildfires
6) improve wildlife habitats

The first step in preparing for a prescribed burn is to learn about fire behavior, including fire and smoke management, local burning laws and the needs and responses of affected plants and animals. A qualified and experienced burn manager has the necessary knowledge and training to assist in a prescribed burn. State and local forestry commissions also offer training and certification classes. The Alabama Forestry Commission and the Alabama Prescribed Fire Council offer training and certification courses for residents, as well as information about controlled burns and permits.

The next step is to have an established goal and plan for the burn. Know the main objectives for the burn taking into consideration the characteristics for the site, weather conditions, timing of the burn and what type of burn is planned. A step-by-step plan should be prepared in advance to obtain permits, prepare fireguards/firebreaks, gather necessary equipment and establish a work crew. Since weather can be unpredictable, three separate dates should be scheduled in the plan.

Once a plan is completed, notify neighbors, fire departments and local law enforcement officials. The fire department should be given a copy of the burn plan, in case there is an emergency. Depending upon the location of the burn, state officials may need to be notified in advance due to the possibility of smoke impacting surrounding areas. Do not burn an area if smoke will affect a highway, airport, hospital, nursing home, residential area or school.

Once the burn is complete, carefully patrol the perimeter and monitor the area for signs of wildfire or burning embers for at least one day after the last smoke is visible. A wind gust can send hidden sparks up to 100 yards igniting another fire.   

Prescribed burns are a cost-effective and beneficial management tool used in forestry and agriculture. However, safety should always be the top priority. A good plan will not only help in achieving the objectives, but ensure that lives and property are protected.

For more details about conducting a prescribed burn, read Prescribed Burning in Alabama Forests, by the Alabama Cooperative Extension System.