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Nutrition
A healthy diet means a healthy heart. An unhealthy diet means an unhealthy heart.
Foods to stay away from:
All foods that have a high content of unhealthy fats (think saturated and trans fats) and / or all foods that have a high content of sugar / refined carbohydrates.
Some examples: donuts, cookies, potato chips, ice cream, processed cheese, french fries, fast foods, fried foods, white carbs like bagels and crackers.
These types of food will reliably cause cardiovascular disease if eaten on a regular basis. However, if you only indulge in these foods every once in a while, as a treat, within the framework of an overall healthy diet, that is fine. Enjoy your treats! The smile, satisfaction, and joy a decadent piece of chocolate cake can bring are much better for your heart than the stress of forcing yourself to be completely healthy with no indulgences 100% of the time. (As long as it is enjoyed in moderation of course!)
Foods to include:
- All foods that are naturally rich in Omega-3 fatty acids such as wild salmon, raw walnuts, flax seed, anchovies, organic eggs, and high quality fish oil. Undamaged, quality omega-3s have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in study after study.
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Vegetables, especially green ones like romaine, green leaf, and red leaf lettuce, spinach, kale, swiss chard, collard greens, brussel sprouts, parsley, basil, broccoli, green onions, leeks, zucchini, and bok choy. - Fruits that are rich in the full Vitamin C complex, meaning they contain flavanoids such as grapefruit, kiwi, oranges, lychee, cantaloupe, papaya, persimmons, and goji berries. Some other top fruits are berries, apples, peaches, bananas and apricots.
A final note on nutrition: Too much sodium is bad for your heart as well. Much of the food that you eat out, as well as most pre-made foods you find in the grocery store, are high in sodium, so it's best to cook your own food as often as possible.
Exercise
Exercise is important for the heart because it strengthens the heart muscle, helps to make it more efficient, increases blood flow, and improves the heart's ability to handle stress. Lack of exercise has been linked to heart disease in study after study.
The two most important take-aways about exercising for heart health are 1.) that the exercise must be regular, over time, and 2.) that the exercise should ideally be working your cardiovascular system. To the first point, it has been shown that even moderate exercise, if regularly and consistently done over the course of a lifetime, can be helpful to your heart. As for the second take away, this does not mean you have to "do cardio" in the typical (and often boring) fashion, i.e. run on a treadmill or elliptical for 45 minutes a day. We don't do any of that at Evolution Fitness, yet every workout, whether it's one of our group coaching classes or semi-private training sessions, taxes the cardiovascular system.
Stress
DO NOT skip this section! So many health conscious people glaze over the emotional well-being portion of the equation, when, in fact, it could very well be the most important ingredient to a healthy heart. Chronic stress is a well-documented cause of heart disease (and many other diseases as well), and here is why.
Stress of any kind (anxiety, frustration, anger, depression, etc.) sets off our sympathetic nervous system, which is what keeps us alive in situations where we are at risk, like if we stumbled upon a mountain lion while on a hike. Here's what happens inside our body when the sympathetic nervous system is triggered:
Our hearts and breathing rates speed up and intensify, providing more oxygen and nutrients to our muscles to run or fight.
The bulk of our blood supply is diverted to our large muscles groups to run or fight.
Our digestive system slows or even shuts down so as to not waste blood, nutrients, and oxygen that could be used to run or fight.
Extra glucose is released into our blood for an extra burst of energy to help us run or fight.
Our adrenal glands release epinephrine and norepinephrine to increase cardiac output and increase blood sugar.
Cortisol is released to increase blood sugar and energy.
Our pupils get larger to allow for more light to enter our eyes, enhancing vision for fighting and running quickly on any type of terrain.
All of these reactions have been vital to the survival of the human race. However, the chronic, low-grade version of this sympathetic nervous system reaction associated with regular stress is terrible for us and, in fact, slowly kills us.
Tips to Manage Emotional Stress
1. Breathe deeply and regularly.
Whenever you feel stressed, or better yet, whenever you can possibly remember, take deep, nurturing breaths. This will do wonders to alleviate any stressful feelings you might be having and keep you calm.
2. Pray / Meditate / Purposeful Relaxation.
Whichever of the three you choose, making it a daily practice is what will make it effective in combating stress.
3. Practice Gratitude.
When life seems too much, remind yourself of all you have going for you. A great idea (courtesy of Oprah Winfrey) is to keep a gratitude journal where you list 5 things you are grateful for that day. The journal helps you stay focused on what you are grateful for in your life, rather than what you're not happy with.
4. Practice Compassion.
Most often, our emotional stressors stem from our relationships with other people, whether they are our closest loved ones or the driver in the car in front of us. Compassion is the antidote to frustration and anger.
5. Pay attention to your thoughts.
Negative thoughts cause stress in the body. Sometimes our negative thoughts are so automatic, we don't even realize we are thinking them. Start listening for them and eventually they will reveal themselves to you. Once you've identified your negative thoughts, replace them with more positive thinking. For instance, maybe you constantly tell yourself you are stupid. Once you actively hear that thought, immediately turn it around by telling yourself how smart you actually are. If you have a hard time doing this at first, ask your friends to help you make a list of all your postive attributes and keep it handy. Eventually, the negative thoughts will grow weaker and they will become the ones "hard to believe."
6. Eat a healthy diet.
It's hard not to be stressed when our body due to lack of vital nutrients.
7. Exercise.
Exercise has been proven to significantly reduce stress.
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