When Goldilocks wandered into the three bears' house, she was faced with choosing porridge that was neither too hot nor too cold, or a bed that was neither too hard nor too soft. In workers' compensation, the need for urine drug testing (UDT) is no fairy tale. It is a clinical best practice that can be used to help reduce the risk of dependence, abuse and misuse and to ensure compliance with the prescription regimen to promote safety and recovery. Achieving those goals cost effectively requires identifying the appropriate patients, test panels and testing frequency. This can be a difficult balance, and existing treatment guidelines don't always provide answers. The challenge is finding the approach that is "just right"-and that may be different for each injured employee.