A blister occurs when the skin rubs against another surface resulting in friction. The friction results in a tear in the upper layer of skin (epidermis). A space will form between the layers, and fluid will begin seeping into the space, creating a bubble. The most common areas affected are the hands and feet. The outer layer of skin may or may not remain intact and thus will need to be treated differently.

Prevention
The main way to prevent blisters is to reduce friction. This can be done by:
 

• Wearing properly fitting shoes. Always break in the shoes well prior to wearing them for the activity.
• Wearing socks, and wearing appropriate socks. Changing socks when they become wet or saturated.
• Foot powders and antiperspirants can decrease moisture and friction. For the hands - wear gloves when appropriate, and make sure they are broken in.


Care
Treatment depends on if the skin is still intact. If the skin is broken, the area will need to be treated like an open wound. Infection is the enemy! If it is closed, leave it closed and allow the fluid to absorb.

For a closed blister: Clean the area well in the event it does become an open wound. Use adhesive felt or a corn pad to pad the skin around the blister. You may need to place some hypoallergenic or cloth tape around the pad to help hold it in place during activity.

For an open blister; treat it like an open wound: Clean the affected area using antibacterial or antimicrobial wound cleanser. Use alcohol to clean pedicure scissors, then remove any dead or torn skin. Place antibiotic ointment on the wound, then cover it with a band aid. Clean and redress the wound several times daily. A second option, rather than applying antibiotic ointment, is to apply betadine cleanser and baby power to dry the affected skin. With either option, the area should be padded and dressed prior to activity, and cleaned and redressed immediately after. Monitor the area for signs of infection, which are: pain, redness, streaking, and discolored drainage. If the affected area shows signs of infection or does not show any improvement within a few days, see a physician.

Prevention is the best medicine, but if and when blisters do arise, prompt and diligent care will get you back in action quickly and comfortably.