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 Kid's Corner

Food for your Immune System.....

Anti-oxidants:  

Fruits and Vegetables rich in beta-carotene, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Green Tea

 

Probiotics:

Yogurt & Keifer

 

Spices/herbs:

Tumeric

Garlic

Oregano

Ginger

 

Supplements:

Zinc

Selenium 

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Welcome back to our Newsletter! 
We continue to have some positive changes at FHPIM. We look forward to introducing you to our new staff members and helping you with our new Online Portal! 

Please stop in and visit our MediSpa. Let us set up a complimentary consultation to determine your skin needs.
 
Our office provides comprehensive pediatric and adult care. We also offers bio-identical hormone pellet therapy, natural allergy drops and extensive cardio-vascular screening.
 Book your NEXT APPOINTMENT online at www.fountainhillsdoctors.com
 
Vaccination for Heart Disease, Is it Possible? 

heart  Heart disease is the #1 killer in the U.S. Your immune system plays a key role.

 

What are my risk factors for heart disease? 

The main cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) is atherosclerosis. It is an inflammatory disease in which the immune system interacts with fats and cholesterol to create plaque in the arteries. Risk factors like age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, abnormal cholesterol or genetic predisposition can increase risk for heart disease.

 

What is does it mean when I have plaque in my arteries?

Your immune system plays a key role in the development of atherosclerosis (plaque) in your arteries. To form plaque, first there is injury to the blood vessel, this causes a fatty streak that triggers your immune system. Immune cells come to the area and get trapped under the lining of the artery. As the cells continue to invade the site, the build up of plaque continues. In this inflammatory lesion that is building under the lining of the artery, there are immune cells called mast cells, macrophages and T-cells. Plaque consists of cholesterol, immune cells, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, all creating a lesion that narrows the opening of the artery. 

 

What causes a heart attack?

The more inflammation, the more fragile the plaque gets. Activated immune cells make numerous inflammatory molecules and enzymes that makes the plaque vulnerable. The more inflammation, the more likely it will rupture. When the plaque ruptures, it causes a clot to form on the surface which can completely block off the artery. This is called a heart attack.  

 

Immune Testing?

Tests that measure inflammation such as cardiac CRP, fibrinogen and Lp-PLA2 are used to detect heart disease and risk of stroke. There is still more research needed to assess the effect of treatments that reduce the levels of inflammatory markers.  Progress in this field enhances our ability to predict the risk of such vascular events, allows clinicians to administer preventive therapies to those most likely to benefit, provides potential new targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis, and promises to contribute to a new era of preventive cardiovascular medicine.

 

What are the cutting edge therapeutic opportunities?

Heart disease treatments are moving to anti-inflammatory medications and immunosuppressants. Stents with immunosuppresants are used to prevent restenosis. Statins have an anti-inflammatory responses, proven by lowering levels of high sensitivity CRP, fibrinogen and other inflammatory markers. Long term prevention of heart disease includes research on vaccinations against antigens that are disease related. Promising animal studies show that vaccination against certain molecules involved in the inflammatory process showed reduction in atherosclerosis.

 

 references: NEJM

Diet and Intestinal Immunity:
"Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food"
-Hippocrates

broccoli family  Recent studies show how "you are what you eat." applies to the immune system.

 

Your immune system is directly tied to your diet. Your diet can either help or hinder your ability to fight diseases. The food you eat can prevent or induce inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract.

 

Western diets are considered to be risk factors for certain diseases, particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). High vegetable intake is thought to protect against ulcerative colitis, whereas a diet rich in certain fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and meat is considered to increase the risk of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and even colon cancer. Since the 1990's we have known that a high intake of animal fat increases the risk of colon cancer, and the studies support substituting fish and chicken for meats high in fat. (N Engl J Med 1990; 323:1664-72.) 

 

New studies by Kiss et al.1 and Li et al.2 show how certain parts of vegetables improve your immunity to fight infection. Vegetables can positively affects gut bacteria and strengthen your immune response against diseases.

 Both studies showed that specific components of cruciferous vegetables of the Brassicaceae family (e.g., broccoli, cabbage, and brussels sprouts) bind to a receptor called AhR in the colon. The binding of the vegetable component to the AhR receptor can manipulate the host's immune system positively to help protect against diseases such as IBD. They also observed that deficiency in this AhR receptors resulted in increased diseases such as colitis and IBD.

 

That all being said, Kiss et al. and Li et al., by providing a compelling link between diet and protective immune functions, have opened up a new line of inquiry. The search for foods containing similar immunomodulatory compounds has begun.

Your mom was right, eat your broccoli!

 

references: N Engl J Med 2012; 366:181-183January 12, 2012; Kiss EA, Vonarbourg C, Kopfmann S, et al. Natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands control organogenesis of intestinal lymphoid follicles. Science 2011 October 27; Li Y, Innocentin S, Withers DR, et al. Exogenous stimuli maintain intraepithelial lymphocytes via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Cell 2011;147:629-640

Quiz Time!

immune system  

1. Within a month after quitting smoking, your immune system will improve.

 True or False 

 

2.  Sleep under 5 hours can significantly depress the immune functions

True or False

 

3. Dieting reduces the number of killer cells, which leads to a weaker immune system.

True or False 

 

4. CD8 and catecholamine cells are severely affected by psychological stress which can suppress the immune system making the body prone to infections 

True or False

 

(all True)

Vaccination Schedule- Update Yours Today

 

BirthHep B     
2 monthHep BDTaPPCVHibPolioRota
4 month DTaPPCVHibPolioRota
6 monthHep BDTaPPCVHibPolioRota
12-15mosMMRDTaPPCVHibVaricella 
12-23mosHep A     
4-6yearsMMRDTaPVaricella Polio 
11-12 yrsHPVTdapMenactra   
16-18yrs  Menactra   
50+yrs TdapShingles   
65+ yrsPneumovax Influenza (6months and older)   
                                                               

 

In the News.....
 
July 09, 2012.  Melanoma: Immune System Could Help Treat Dangerous Skin Cancer
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH)found high expression of a molecule, interleukin-9, by an immune cell inhibits melanoma growth. - a revolutionary find that could pave the way for new treatments of skin cancer.

The study, published in the online issue of Nature Medicine July 08, 2012, showed interleukin-9, made by T Cells (TH-9) helped mice evade aggressive skin cancer.

In their study, the researchers first noticed mice that were deficient in TH-17 were able to fight off melanoma. These mice showed high levels of Interleukin-9. Next they treated melanoma-bearing mice with T helper cell 9 (TH9), an immune cell that produces interleukin-9. They saw that these mice also had a profound resistance to melanoma growth.

They found that patients with advanced melanoma had lesions deficient in interleukin-9. Scientists hope that interleukin-9 can be incorporated into existing immunotherapy options to more effectively eradicate the disease.

 

references: sciencedaily 

 

2012 U.S. pertussis rates expected to reach record level

Since January, Washington state has experienced 2,520 pertussis cases -- a 1,300% increase compared with the first six months of 2011, the CDC reported in Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report, raising concerns that the nation as whole may experience record levels of the disease in 2012.

Despite concerns about waning immunity, "vaccination remains the single most effective strategy for prevention of infection," Debolt and colleagues concluded.

They emphasized the importance of focusing pertussis prevention and control efforts at protecting infants and others at greatest risk for severe disease, as well as improving vaccination coverage in adolescents and adults, specifically pregnant women.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 Jul; 61(28):517-522.

We hope you continue to subscribe to our newsletter. Please let us know if there are any topics of interest that we can help with. Have a nice day and see you soon!

Sincerely,
Jyoti Patel MD
 
Fountain Hills Pediatrics & Internal Medicine and Esthetique MediSpa
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