The SHSP is a document prepared by each State encompassing multidisciplinary, or 4-E strategies (engineering, enforcement, education, and emergency services), to address road safety issues, including fatalities and serious injuries on all road classifications and at both State and local levels. Required by SAFETEA-LU and expanded by MAP-21 to include provisions for developing measures of safety performance, each State is required to have an SHSP and to use it to direct their safety efforts utilizing State specific crash data. The State's SHSP should target the most serious safety problems, defined by Emphasis Areas, as identified by their own crash data. As early as 2004, ITE's Safety Action Plan adopted by the International Board of Direction (IBOD) identified a number of areas where attention should be given High Priority, including Intersections, Before/After Studies, Speed Management, and Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety. ITE considers itself a Provider of technical expertise and a Developer of standards in these high priority areas, in addition to lower priority areas such as Roadway Departure, Vulnerable Users, Work Zone, and Highway/Rail Crossings. Therefore, it is imperative that ITE members be aware of, and participate in, the SHSP process in their States in addressing such issues.