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CSID Bulletin - Oct. 25, 2014
In This Issue
Can Arabs Do Democracy?
The relative success of Tunisia...A light unto the Arab nations
Tunisia shows there is no contradiction between democracy and Islam
Don't Blame New Freedoms for Violent Religious Extremism
Islamist Party in Tunisia Appears Set to Rebound
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Can Arabs Do Democracy?

21
Want to see the first successful Arab democracy in action?

 

Tune in Sunday, when tiny Tunisia will hold its first legislative elections since the ratification of its liberal-democratic constitution in January.

 

Tunisia is where the Arab Spring began in 2011, and it's just about the only place where that movement for freedom and democracy hasn't failed. The complex politics of these elections will tell us a lot about whether Tunisia is going to mature into a functioning democracy -- or revert to dictatorship like Egypt.

 

If Nidaa wins a plurality, however, the situation will become more complicated. Nidaa might well believe that it could form a coalition without Ennahda. Nidaa would have significant momentum to win the presidential contest -- at which point Essebsi would find himself an 88-year-old with a serious secular mandate. The temptation to use undemocratic means and get rid of Ennahda as a viable political force could be hard to resist. The result would be a disaster for Tunisia's hopes of becoming a functioning democracy.

 

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The relative success of Tunisia

A light unto the Arab nations

Tunisia works, but it is fragile. The rest of the world should give it a hand

Tunisia is proof of a precious truth: the Arab world can change for the better, and Islam can be reconciled with democracy. The rest of the world should applaud, and help Tunisia complete the transition.

 

The Carthaginian exception - But Tunisia also created its own luck. Nahda's leaders are a moderate and pragmatic bunch, who have learned from the mistakes of Islamists elsewhere. In Egypt Muhammad Morsi alienated many of his compatriots by concentrating power in the Brotherhood's hands and was toppled by the army. In Tunisia, when post-revolutionary politics appeared close to collapse last year after the murder of two opposition politicians, Nahda agreed to dissolve the three-party government it led and made way for a cabinet of technocrats.

 

The country's future must be decided by Tunisians themselves. In an election contested by around 100 parties, the front-runners are Nahda and the more secular Nidaa Tounes coalition. Either is credible, but whichever wins should rule by consensus and liberalize the economy to rekindle growth.

 

The West, for its part, should sustain civil-society groups, and provide more generous economic help in return for sensible economic reforms. Europe should open up its markets to Tunisia's exports; if it does not want migrants (or perhaps jihadists) from Tunisia it should at least admit its tomatoes and olives. Precisely because of the crises elsewhere, the world must not neglect Tunisia: it is a rare light in a dark region.  

 

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Tunisia shows there is no contradiction between democracy and Islam

By Rached Ghannouchi 

As Tunisia prepares to hold its second free and fair election on Sunday - and continues its transition from despotism to democracy - my country offers a stark contrast to the extremes of terrorism and military intervention seen elsewhere in the region. Tunisia stands as proof that the dream of democracy that spurred the Arab Spring lives on.

Despite what some believe, there is no "Arab exception" to democracy, nor is there any inherent contradiction between democracy and Islam. The Middle East can indeed achieve stability and peace through a process of democratic reconciliation and consensus. But the road will be long and involves the challenging work of building institutions, healing old wounds and forging compromise around shared values. The path that Tunisia has taken can guide others.

 

Unlike in Libya, Egypt or Iraq, Tunisia's new political system has turned away from exclusion; rather, we put our faith in the ballot box. We have also endeavored to avoid any mistreatment of those who oppressed, wrongly imprisoned and tortured others under the old system by establishing a Commission on Truth and Dignity, which provides a judicial process guided by human rights and rule of law to help us turn the page on the past.

 

Tunisia hopes to prove that Islam and democracy can coexist in the Middle East. That we, too, yearn for freedom. That we, too, can develop a progressive, inclusive system. That our people can put the interests of their nation above personal political interests. But we need the West to invest in our democracy - not just for our sake but for all those with a stake in a more secure world.

 

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Don't Blame New Freedoms for Violent Religious Extremism

 

By Neil Hicks  

 

Dictatorships do a great deal more to create and maintain violent religious extremism than liberalization has done or will ever do, contrary to the headline on David Kirkpatrick's New York Times report from Tunisia claiming that "new freedoms in Tunisia drive support for ISIS."

 

It's an uncomfortable fact that Tunisians make up a disproportionately large number of ISIS fighters. But demographic, geographic, and political particularities say more about the reasons for this than the freedoms that have come to Tunisia since the overthrow of the dictator, President ben Ali, in January 2011.

 

The support provided to re-empowered authoritarians -- like Egypt's President Sisi or the al-Khalifa monarchy in Bahrain -- who are committed to reversing and blocking the freedoms sought by Arab spring protesters in 2011 shows that religious extremism and political repression are mutually supportive. They are the real drivers of violent religious extremists like ISIS and al-Qa'eda.

 

If the United States and its allies cannot find a way to counter violent religious extremism while promoting and protecting human rights then everyone will lose. There are no quick fixes to the damage inflicted on Arab societies by decades of dictatorship. Gradual progress towards representative government based on political compromise, tolerance, and legal protections for human rights that Tunisia has demonstrated over the past three years offers by far the best way forward.

 

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Islamist Party in Tunisia Appears Set to Rebound

 

By Carlotta Gall - The New York Times



As Tunisians vote Sunday in national legislative elections, Ennahda has shown itself a nimble survivor. It enters the election as a front-runner and is expected to win 25 to 30 percent of seats, which may give it a chance to govern yet again.

 

Ennahda is managing to adapt by presenting itself as a legitimate Islamist alternative working within Tunisia's still evolving democratic system, its leaders argue.  There is, of course, political calculation, too. For instance, in Sidi Bouzid, the cradle of the Tunisian revolution, the party leadership chose to offer spots to two independent candidates who represent the region's biggest tribal families and can guarantee a large vote.


"The idea was to broaden the base," said Radwan Masmoudi, director of the Center for the Study of Islam and Democracy, who accompanied Mr. Ghannouchi and several other Ennahda officials on a recent trip to the United States. "We want to be for all Tunisians, and we want to attract them with our program," he quoted Ennahda officials as saying.

 

"Ghannouchi played a key role in this," he added. "He had spent 20 years in exile in London, and he had seen many other Islamist parties and movements fail, and he does not want to replicate those failures. He wants to succeed."

 

Ennahda has yet to voice support for any other candidate. But if it does get to form the government, it will likely support a presidential candidate from the old guard who could mitigate some of the opposition that an Ennahda-led government would provoke.

 

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