Counting Spores On Tape-Lifts? Really?


MoldSense Technical Newsletter
July 31, 2008
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Counting Spores On Tape-Lifts?
 
Precise? Accurate?

Last week, we talked about rounding numbers for proper precision. [Please see the end of this email for a clarification on "rounding".] What do we do when the variation is so large that even rounding to 1 digit of a significant figure does not reflect the correct precision?

For example:
Replicate (1): 2,000 counts/in2
Replicate (2): 20,000 counts/in2
Replicate (3): 8,000 counts/in2

As you might have recognized, this sampling and analytical method is not quantitative. The results should be qualitative (presence, absence) or semi- quantitative (high, medium, low, trace). For example, if someone tries to count the spores on a tape-lift, the data will be very similar to the example above with even larger variations. A one square inch tape-lift equals to about 35 times of the size of common spore trap impaction trace. As a result, only a very small percentage of that tape-lift can feasibly be read under microscope. Without extraction and proper mixing like the preparation procedure for swab samples, a small percentage of a tape-lift is absolutely not representative of the entire sample. Therefore, the results from replicate analyses are highly variable and not quantitative measurements.

On the other hand, spores on swabs samples are extracted and mixed thoroughly, so that the results from both culture method and direct microscopic examination can be quantitative, although the quality (precision) of the data may still vary widely among different labs depending on the preparation and analytical methods they use.

A tape-lift can only collect one or a few layers of spores. They have limited collection efficiency, especially for yeasts that grow very near the surface of material. If there are more spores than what will stick onto the tape, they will be left behind on the surface. A tape-lift sample can be used to determine the type of mold and the percentage of mold growth coverage on a surface, but not the spore count on that area because it maybe be a significantly underestimated number, thus inaccurate.


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IAQ Radio Episode 91: Kevin Kennedy, CIE - Childrens Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO
 
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Host: Joe Hughes/Cliff Zlotnik

Kevin Kennedy is an Environmental Hygienist and is the Manager for the Environmental Health Program at Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics in Kansas City, Missouri. The program performs research, training, education and patient based services in indoor environmental health. Environmental Health staff performs environmental assessments in homes, schools, clinics, and childcare centers throughout the region served by the hospital. Kevin has been involved in environmental science and industrial hygiene chemistry and consulting for over 20 years, and received his Bachelors Degree in Natural History and Environmental Science from the University of Kansas. He is a Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant (CIEC), and is currently one of the instructors for the National Center for Healthy Housing, Healthy Home Practitioner training program. He has been certified to teach high school science and worked previously as a restoration carpenter and cabinetmaker.

Scheduled Time:
Date: Fri, August 1, 2008
Time: 12:00 PM EDT


Clarification for Last Newsletter
 
Rounding Up or Down

In last week's newsletter, I used "rounding up" in several places. I was thinking of "rounding up" as "rounding to the higher decimal place". Apparently, it wasn't the correct way to describe it. "Rounding up" and "rounding down" have their own meanings. When I round the number, I choose to round up or down depending on the next digit is "greater than/equal to" 5 or less than 5, respectively. This is the common way of rounding.





We at QLab hope you will find our newsletters an important technical resource to you. If you have suggestions on the topics of our future issues, please feel free to contact us at: info@QLabUSA.com.

Sincerely,


Wei Tang, Ph.D.
Lab Director
QLab
"Quality Laboratory for Quality Professionals"(TM)

Phone: 888-QLab-Wei (888-752-2934)
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