Gum disease is an inflammation of the gums, which may also affect the bone supporting the teeth.

Plaque is a sticky colourless film of bacteria that constantly builds up, thickens and hardens on the teeth. If it is not removed by daily brushing and flossing, this plaque can harden into tartar and may contribute to infections in the gums.

Left untreated, gum disease can lead to the loss of teeth and an increased risk of more serious diseases, such as respiratory disease. The bacteria in plaque can travel from the mouth to the lungs, causing infection or aggravating existing lung conditions.

It may also contribute to many serious conditions, such as diabetes, respiratory diseases and perhaps heart disease. Smoking is one of the biggest risk factors for gum disease and perhaps the biggest risk factor for oral cancer.

Oral health is important at all stages of life, especially children and older adults. Seniors are keeping their teeth longer than ever before and are at  risk of complications from poor oral health because of frailty, poor health and increased dependence on others for personal care. In many cases, oral health problems in residents go undetected until there are acute symptoms, such as pain or infection.

"Statistically British Columbians are living longer, healthier lives and keeping more of their natural teeth than previous generations . It is important to recognize the value of regular dental care in the senior years... Keeping your teeth and mouth healthy means that you can continue to enjoy a variety of healthy foods, speak properly and retain social confidence well into your elder years."
Dr. Jim Armstrong, President of the BCDA

To minimize your risk of gum disease and maintain good oral health, you should take the following steps:

• Brush and floss your teeth daily. Using an antimicrobial mouth rinse as well can help to reduce the bacteria in your mouth.
• Visit your dental professional regularly to have your mouth examined. See your dental professional immediately if you notice any problems.
• Eat a healthy diet according to Eating Well with Canada's Food Guide.
• Do not smoke. If you do smoke, make sure to visit your dental professional regularly.
• If you are pregnant, be sure to eat healthy foods and maintain good oral health.
• Brush your children's teeth for them, until they are able to brush their own teeth with your guidance.