CMOS Sensor errors can be corrected with the FPGA
in the mvBlueFOX USB camera. The following can be
corrected.
- Defective pixels correction
- Dark current correction
- Flatfield correction
1. Defective pixels
Due to random process deviations, not all pixels in an
image sensor array will react in the
same way to a given light condition. These variations
are known as blemishes or defective
pixels.
There are two types of defective pixels:
1. leaky pixel (in the dark)
2. cold pixel (in standard light conditions)
2. Dark current
Dark current is a characteristic of image sensors,
which means, that image sensors also deliver
signals in total darkness. This effect is provoked by
warmness, which creates charge carriers
spontaneously. This signal overlays the image
information.
The production of dark current depends on two
circumstances:
1. exposure time
The longer the exposure, the greater the dark current
part. I.e. using long exposure
times, the dark current itself could lead to an
overexposed sensor chip.
2. temperature
By cooling the sensor chips the dark current
production can be highly dropped
(approx. every 6 °C the dark current is cut in half).
3. Variations of sensitivity
Strictly speaking: each pixel of a sensorchip is a
single detector with its own properties.
Particulary this pertains to the sensitivity as the case
may be the spectral sensitivity. The
difference of the sensitivity depending
on the sensor can
be more than 10 %. This is too
much for being ignored, the differences have to be
corrected. To solve this problem, a perfect
equal background as a flatfield is snapped, which will
be used to correct the original image.
|