Often the terms "succession planning" and "exit planning" are used interchangeably, but the terms mean different things in different contexts.
In this article we will use exit planning to mean the process employed by the owner of a closely held enterprise preparing to sell his or her company in an M & A (Mergers and Acquisitions) transaction while succession planning will be the process used by a Fortune 500 company to groom internal management to take over for retiring leaders or seek replacement leaders from outside the company.
A March 29, 2011 article by Robin Ferracone, on Forbes.com, entitled Linking Succession Planning to Compensation, discusses issues unique to large company succession planning that can be easily translated to mid-market exit planning.
In the article, the CEO of a large Fortune 500 company announced he would be retiring in 2 to three years. Instead of reporting succession plans with the governance and nominating committee, he was asked to discuss with the COMPENSATION committee the following possibilities:
"(1) linking a portion of the current CEO's annual bonus to his proactive development of the designated internal candidates, (2) rewarding the designated candidates for enhancing their experience in key areas, and (3) providing special retention packages for those senior executives who were not designated as potential CEO successors."
This board clearly saw that linking the exiting CEOs compensation with the company's objective as well retaining key non-CEO candidates was a key strategic initiative.
In a smaller company the same principals are critical. The CEO, often the founder of the company, who plans on selling in a few years will be highly rewarded if he or she can develop the management team by broadening their experience and giving them greater responsibilities, making them more valuable to the new owner. In exit planning, the strength of the management team is a key value driver.
Incentive compensative should be linked to measureable results that move the company forward and enhance the owner's objective of increasing value in the eyes of prospective buyers.