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You may never have consciously noticed how authors move their personal narrative along as they tell a story. They unobtrusively move the reader from time to time or place to place with words and phrases we call movers. These not only move the writing along, they also help the reader stay on track. It is impossible to make a complete list of movers, because they are so specific to each incident or event. However, here are some examples you might list on a classroom chart:
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Time to Time Movers |
Place to Place Movers |
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the next day
afterwards
several hours later
that afternoon
the following morning
at sunrise
at the stroke of midnight |
in the attic
at the top of the hill
at my mom's house
when we got in the car
outside on the porch
in the middle of the forest
out on the playground |
Help students learn to recognize these movers in short, read-aloud books. Give each student an index card with the word "mover" written on it. Then read aloud a favorite narrative to  them--a good one is The Relatives Came, by Cynthia Rylant. Have the students listen to the story, and each time they think they hear a "mover," they can hold up their index card. Stop and discuss the various movers the kids hear--are they moving the action in the story from "time to time" or "place to place?" As students hear good examples, begin to add new phrases to your class chart. Keep this chart posted so students can refer to it as they are writing their own personal narratives. |