Nausea,
there's a drug for that.
Hiccups, there's a drug for that.
Pain, there's lots of drugs for that...
The medicine cabinet of a cancer patient is extensive and remarkably well
stocked. It's fascinating to know that the side effects of treatment can be
managed by prescription and even the side-effects of the prescriptions can be managed by more prescriptions. Being proactive and knowing your body well is the most
important part. For Adam, it's one giant first-person science experiment.
Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs
to destroy cancer cells. Although an ideal drug would destroy cancer cells
without harming normal cells, most drugs are not that selective. Instead, drugs
are designed to inflict greater damage on cancer cells than on normal cells,
typically by using drugs that affect a cell's ability to grow and/or ability to replicate DNA. Uncontrolled and
rapid growth is characteristic of cancer cells. However, because normal cells
also need to grow, and some grow quite rapidly (such as those in the bone
marrow and those lining the mouth and intestine), all chemotherapy drugs affect
normal cells and cause side effects.
Damage
to these healthy cells may produce various side effects, including:
-
tiredness
-
feeling sick and vomiting
-
diarrhea or constipation
-
loss of appetite
-
thinning of hair or hair loss
-
getting infections more easily
-
sore mouth, mouth ulcers and changes in your sense of taste
-
numbness or 'pins and needles' in your hands and feet
-
changes in hearing - some people get tinnitus (a ringing sound in your
ears)
-
breathlessness
-
skin
changes - skin may become dry and discolored
Many
side effects can be controlled using other medicines. For example, infections can
be reduced using antibiotics medicines while hair loss can be easily countered with the use of hats.
Side
effects can vary greatly between the different types of chemotherapy and
between people. One person can be quite ill with chemotherapy, while another
may be able to continue working. Luckily for Adam, the side effects have been
quite manageable, mostly because he has learned to read his body well. If he can get
ahead of the symptoms, his medicine cabinet has an answer for easing the side
effects.
One
of the most remarkable drugs used to combat low white blood counts
(Neutropenia) is a shot called G-CSF, tested at Sloan Kettering and now used by more than one million patients. Scientists at
Sloan demonstrated that G-CSF accelerated the restoration of neutrophils (white cells that protect against bacteria) in
patients following chemotherapy, reducing the frequency and severity of
infections and shortening patient recovery time. Although some family members are squeamish about
needles, any one of us is happy to stick Adam with the G-CSF shot knowing it
speeds his recovery. Marketed since 1991, and thanks to Sloan, G-CSF has become
the standard of care in hospitals around the world.
It's
important to note that most side effects are temporary and will eventually pass
once treatment is over. Meanwhile, Adam will continue to observe and report on
what's happening to him.
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