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What Happened to Summer?
It seems like Easter was just here and now suddenly children are returning to school after summer vacation. The unusually cool weather  may have something to do with the feeling that summer is ending too soon.
 
Based on preliminary data for Illinois, the statewide average temperature for July was 70.4 degrees, 5.3 degrees below normal. This ranked as the coldest July statewide by more than a degree based on statewide records going back to 1895. It looks like August is going to be a cool weather record breaker as well.

Even though it may feel like summer never started, the 2009 growing season is coming to a close.  This issue covers some of the maintenance items that can be done  to keep your  native landscapes well maintained. If you have an active construction site, be sure to check out the fall seeding article by our full time erosion control specialist and part time comedian Matt Bivins so that you are ready for winter.
In This Issue
Matt Bivins Seeding Reccomendations
Maintain the Prairie a Little Mower
Watering Realities
It's Not Too Late to Kill Weeds
Fall Seeding The M.B.Way
 

Fall Seed

Do you have a patch of bare ground out there that won't be worked until 2010?  Well don't let the W in winter stand for WORRY!  Get going and let that W stand for WOWEE; which is what everyone will be saying when you turn that bare ground green before winter.  As August fades away an important opportunity presents itself for site stabilization. 
 
Generally, between the end of August and the beginning of October soil temperatures and soil moisture levels are nearly ideal for seed germination.  If you get your site seeded during this time you are virtually assured of having high germination rates and well established vegetation going into winter dormancy. 
Fall Deed 2
This can greatly reduce the risk of erosion and the accompanying anxiety.  Thus, you'll be worry free and better able to thoroughly enjoy all of those great Chicagoland winter-time activities like shoveling snow, chipping ice, battling hypothermia, and picking yourself up off the ground after you've slipped on a patch of ice that you didn't notice.  So, be proactive and take advantage of the end of the growing season!
Maintaining Your Prairie a Little Mower

Is late season mowing a good idea?
 
Contrary to what one may believe, performing a fall mowing may actually be beneficial for your native plant community.  Such species as Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) a.k.a. Queen Anne's Lace, Ragweed (Ambrosia spp.), Mustard (Brassica spp.), and Foxtail (Setaria spp.) generally flower and set seed late in the growing season.  Since these plants are annual species, they will only return in 2010 from seed that has fallen during this season.  This provides a perfect opportunity to mow the seed heads off before the plants set seed.  This will help prevent the current years' seed from setting and germinating for the next growing season.
 
If your site contains numerous annual late-bloomers, a fall mowing will be beneficial to your prairie species.  The best time to perform a fall mow is generally between August 15th and October 30th.  Of course this is dependent on current site conditions and species observed at the site.  A high mow of 6-8 inches is recommended in order to fully remove the seed heads. 
 

This fall mow was conducted on October 9, 2008.  The site achieved sign-off in 2008.

mowing
This right side of the picture below contained a large amount of Queen Anne's Lace.  Please note the non-mowed prairie in the upper left hand corner.  This site was mowed in October of 2008 and achieved sign-off in 2008.
Mowing 2

Watering Realities
   
Filled Rain GageMany native landscape specifications call for watering of prairie seed if it is installed in July or August.  As noted above these months were unseaonalbly cool this year and we had plenty of rain in our area.  What if tempertures were hot and percipitation was minimal?  Is watering the right thing to do? Here are some things to consider.
 
The cover crop, like most turf products, does not actively grow during July and August. Watering during the late summer will not make it grow faster.  It will likely fill in during the early fall prior to winter.
 
Native seed typically will not germinate during this time period.  Soils are typically too hot for native seeds to germinate with or without water. However, this may not hold true this summer due to the cool weather.
 
Due to the record coolness this summer, the seed may germinate if too much water is added this late in the season.  If the native plants are induced to germinate now through watering, they may not develop enough roots to overwinter and could be lost next season.

Over-watering can drown seedlings, especially on heavy clay soils. Watering can encourage seedling loss by fungal attack.
 
If the seeded area is covered with straw blanket.  This blanket will prevent seed from drying out, reduce exposure to wind and animals, and is important in preventing erosion on slopes.
 
It is reccomended to only water enough to keep the soil moist in native areas.   This year we have had enough rain to achieve this goal.  Supplemental watering may do more harm than good.
 
Keep these thoughts in mind prior to spending money on water trucks.
It's Not Too Late to Kill Weeds
ChipThis is a great time of year to treat perrenial and biennial weeds. 
Perennial plants are begining to translocate sugars to their roots.  Herbicide applied to the plant at this time will translocate with the sugars into the roots and kill the plant.  Plants that produce rossetes in the fall such as spotted knapweed and musk thistle are especially susceptable to fall application of herbicide. 

Timing of herbicide application varies by plant.  Generally, late season applications can be made once the plants have completed their seasonal growth.  It is a good idea to wait for moisture to stimulate the growth of rosettes or the regrowth of perennial plants.  Treatements should be made when daytime temperatures are 50 degrees or higher.
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