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If it were only lions and tigers and bears going after our daughters, we might be better equipped to combat the encr oaching danger. However, when the world of beauty pageants encourages 5-year-olds to wear false eyelashes, pushup bras and hair extensions and clothing manufacturers make thongs for 7 to 10 year-old-girls and magazines give instructions to preadolescent girls on how to look sexy and win a boyfriend by losing 10 pounds and straightening their hair [1], I think I'll take my chances in the jungle!
Every year it seems that the sexual message bar gets lowered to include younger and younger children. In our culture, there are too many examples of the sexualization of girls.
Toy manufacturers produce toys like the Bratz dolls with their exploding hair, inflated lips, short black mini-skirts and thigh high boots and market them to 8-12 year olds. We find sexy images on everything from television to t-shirts. Popular culture and advertising gurus are inundating our kids with sexual images and messages at earlier ages than ever before.
Halloween has gone from scary to sexy in recent years. Young girls are worrying about their weight and physical appearance at much younger ages. Young girls and boys are wearing racy, obscene and violence-related clothing, including t-shirts with alcohol and sexual innuendo
messages displayed. [2] Walking into the children's section of a department store these days you'd think you'd stumbled into a Fredericks of Hollywood.
Popular clothing manufacturer Abercrombie and Fitch recently released a "Push-up Triangle" padded bikini swim suit top for 7 to 8 year old girls. ABC News investigated and Dr. Michael Bradley, a child psychologist, told Good Morning America: "They (retailers) are targeting girls as young as 4 years old to be sexualized creatures." Check out the Today Show's segment below.
 | | Push-Up Bikini for Kids Controversy - Abercrombie & Fitch. |
A little closer to home, a retailer right here in our own community, has a whole section of make-up designed for girls aged 6-12.
Unfortunately for parents, the tween market (typically kids between the ages of 8 and 14) is one of the most active and growing emergent markets in recent years. No longer considering themselves children, these youngsters long for some sense of identity. They want to be "cool," sophisticated and accepted by their peers.
According to the American Psychological Association (APA), in their 2007 Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls, the sexualization and objectification of women in the media appears to teach girls that as women, all they have to offer is their body and face, and that they should expend all their effort on physical appearance.
So what's wrong with marketing push-up bras and thigh high boots to 7-year-old girls? According to the APA's report... EVERYTHING. The impact on self-esteem and overall health and well being of young girls is tremendous. Self-objectification can be defined as a person choosing to evaluate themselves based on appearance because that's how they believe others judge them. Young girls suffer body dissatisfaction, depression, shame, appearance anxiety and even self-disgust. They also display higher rates of promiscuity at younger ages.
The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that at least 10% of American teen girls have an eating disorder. 45% of American high school students surveyed reported to be on a diet. The Girl Scouts of the USA Research Institute found that 31% of girls admit to starving themselves as strategy for weight loss.
The APA report states that there is "ample evidence ...that sexualization has negative effects in a variety of domains, including cognitive functioning, physical and mental health, sexuality and attitudes and beliefs."[1] With eating disorders and mental health issues, our children are literally dying to obtain the perfect body image.
So with all these messages flying around constantly, how can we as parents, teachers and members of a community push back? What can we do to have a more positive impact on adolescent girls and boys?
The Center is working on the front lines in the schools in our community with programs like Teens Educating Against Classmate Harassment (TEACH) where middle school aged girls learn to have a positive body image and how to accept themselves for who they are and the MY Strength Club that uses peer-to-peer contact to create new social norms around masculinity promoting gender equality and preventing men's violence. Other school-based approaches include increased access to athletic and other extracurricular programs
Short of moving to an isolated ranch in Montana, there are ways for everyone to help in our community. One simple way that everyone can help is by being upbeat in our comments about our own or someone else's body. A daughter is more likely to be accepting of her own body if her mother is accepting of hers.
Girl Power is a public education campaign sponsored by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Secretary Shalala stated "We want to tell every parent and every caring adult to listen to girls, to encourage them, to help them set high standards and to provide them with opportunities."
Another factor that can help girls overcome their body worries is a strong male role model, says Girl Power. Studies have found that a strong father figure can help boost a girl's confidence. Joe Kelly, president of Dads & Daughters, a nonprofit organization, is helping promote this idea. He says dads need to be aware of the culture's influence on girls and how damaging it can be to their body image and well-being. Kelly said that rather than focus on physical appearance, dads should focus on other qualities, such as how smart, creative or talented a daughter is. "Focus on what her brain does, what her mind does and what her spirit does," he says. "What her body does and not on how it looks, because that's not why we have our bodies. We don't have our bodies for their appearance -- we have our bodies for what they can do and what it helps us bring to the world."
Co-viewing of media with your children will allow you to influence their interpretation of the media messages. Interpreting the media messages for boys as well as girls is equally important. Young boys need to be clued in that the images they see of women and girls are sexualized images that are destructive and not linked with reality.
Parents, teachers, coaches and other caregivers can encourage kids to find alternative media sources. Find blogs and websites that encourage kids to get out and create social change or become activists. Girls for a Change is a website that provides girls with positive professional role models. DOsomething.org inspires, empowers and celebrates a generation of doers: young people (25 and under) who recognize the need to do something, believe in their ability to get it done, and then take action. New Moon Girls is an online community where girls can create and share artwork, poems. This website boasts that it is 100% advertising free and is designed to help girls discover their true selves. There are also retreats and camps that can help girls develop a stronger sense of self such as REALgirl® in Southern California.
So take the challenge! Raise your voice, get clued in! Think of one thing you can do over this next week to make a difference and combat the forces that are encroaching and harming the physical and emotional health of our daughters, nieces, neighbors and friends.
[1] American Psychological Association, Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls. (2010). Report of the APA Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls. Retrieved from
http://www.apa.org/pi/women/programs/girls/report-full.pdf
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