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Greetings! Just as tomato season starts, Winter rears up and gives our garden one good cold storm. The snow got awful low on our mountains.
I was told that the chill hours recorded by the South Coast Field Station for this winter equaled 150 hours. At this moment the "highest chill" apricot, peach and nectarine in my garden are blooming. They are rated at 300-500 hours. It's apparent that either the method of figuring "chill" is incorrect, or that the minimum chill requirement (MCR) of fruit trees is much lower than the literature states. Perhaps both are incorrect.
But, it is spring. Days are lengthening quickly. It's still a bit early to plant beans, corn, melons, and pumpkins, but pretty much everything else is game. I certainly hope this spring is more typical than last year. In 2011 we had April-May & June gloom with hardly a break. The only thing good about it was that we could grow cool season vegetables and flowers well into summer. In a more normal year we will get a period of 80-90 degree weather before the marine layer forms. The early spring heat waves kick start the growth on Palms, Plumerias, Papayas, Bananas, Mangoes, Avocados and just about anything else native to the tropics.
I do not consider myself an expert on tomatoes, but I have grown a crop every year for the last 30 years and have grown perhaps 50 varieties. There are some people that have grown hundreds of varieties. My experiences will be a big help for those of you who are beginners. If you have a favorite variety reply to this newsletter and I'll share the results next week.
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Popular Tomato Varieties I Can Recall When I was a child I grew tomato plants for the hornworms. I was facinated by caterpillars and their transformation into butterflies or moths. The only tomato I liked as a kid was the Large Red Cherry. When I finally started working at my parents nursery back in the 1970's I became familiar with the other varieties.
Ace, Big Boy, Big Girl, Pearson and Beefsteak were already popular. Ace and Big Boy were early hybrids that changed the industry, being much more disease resistant and reliable producers all over the country. Our suppliers began pushing Better Boy and Early Girl. Better Boy was an improved Big Boy and supposedly better tasting, much more productive and even more disease resistant. Better Boy was the top variety in the 1970's and still highly popular (Burpee's best seller) and Early Girl is still the best known "early" variety. The breeders won't divulge the parents of their hybrids, however, there are some hints that the original Big Boy, bred in the 1940's, got its flavor from the Russian heirloom Black Krim.
In the 1980's the hybrids Beefmaster, Champion, Celebrity and Supersteak were promoted. Champion gained a reputation as the top variety of its time and is still popular. I do remember growing and promoting Sweet 100 hybrid cherry tomatoes. These marble-size tomatoes hang in huge clusters and taste like candy.
The 1990's brought the rise of heirloom varieties. Heirlooms are regional favorites from all around the World and a large number represent the extremes of tomato genetics. Once home gardeners discovered the variations in flavor, shape, color and texture they were no longer satisfied with what the corporate breeders considered a tomato. Our store increased our heirloom selections from just a few to 40 or more.
Brandywine is credited with raising the interest in heirlooms. Brandywine makes huge pink beefsteak-type fruit with an unforgettable creamy flavor and texture. Unfortunately it is a relatively light producer. Red Brandywine is a better producer.
Black Krim is another with distinctive flavor, a dark burgundy colored, ugly, lumpy big fruit with rich, smokey, slightly salty flavor. In my garden it's been the favorite of local wildlife. Even though I was growing 8 other tasty varieties, very few Black Krim fruit ripened intact. Other "black" heirlooms, Black Carbon, Black from Tula and Cherokee Chocolate (a.k.a. Cherokee Purple), have a similar flavor and are more blemish free.
Sometimes the story is even better than the fruit. M. C. "Radiator Charlie" Byles was a truck mechanic with little education but had a good brain. He situated his repair shop at the base of a mountain pass to fix the radiators of all the coal trucks that overheated. He loved growing things, especially tomatoes. He decided to breed the big heirloom German Johnson with 10 of the largest beefsteak varieties he could find to create something better. After creating the perfect "hybrid" he spent many years to stabilize ("dehybidize") his new variety. When Radiator Charlie was satisfied he started selling his plants for $1 each at his truck stop. $1 in the 1940's was worth between $10-$15 today! He was able to pay off his $6000 home mortgage by selling tomatoes. His tomato today is called the Mortgage Lifter or Radiator Charlie. It is a 1-2 pound pink beefsteak with rich, sweet flavor, and few seeds.
One of the more unusual heirlooms is Aunt Ruby's German Green. This large beefsteak ripens yellowish green with deep green shoulders and a slight pink blush on the bottom. The flesh is a mix of neon green and pink and the flavor is spicy and sweet. It's quite good. A bit less unusual is the vibrant orange beefsteak heirloom Kellogg's Breakfast. The flesh is very meaty, unusually juicy with a very rich flavor.
On the conventional side, the hybrid Big Beef was promoted heavily as a miracle of conventional breeding. It is resistant to a long list of diseases. The perfectly round fruit is blemish free, and tasty. We began promoting Lemon Boy which produces huge quantities of mellow fruit and is the best hybrid yellow tomato. In fact it remains one of our best overall. Local tomato king, Steve Goto, promoted Momotaro, a Japanese hybrid, as his #1 favorite. For the last decade this has been our top seller. The flavor of this 6 oz. pinkish red fruit is rich, but very, very sweet. Jetsetter was introduced as an improvement over Early Girl. Jetsetter has larger fruit, and the plant seems a bit sturdier also.
Among cherry tomatoes, Sungold a very sweet, thin skinned, golden or orange tomato has become the most popular. This Japanese hybrid may have Brandywine in its ancestry. I do really like the Russian heirloom Black Cherry. It has the same complex, smokey flavor of the larger "black" tomatoes. Definitely not boring.
Juliet is one of the original "grape" tomato varieties. It is a hybrid between a paste tomato and a cherry tomato. Their solid skin and flesh allows them to hold better in the field and in the supermarket. Sugary is an award winning grape tomato with a unique pointed tip. Also unique is its foliage that looks like it was accidentally sprayed by a weedkiller. The very solid fruit is nearly 10% sugar!
Now there are at least 300 varieties I have yet to grow. We try new varieties in our backyard every year, but we always grow Momotaro and Lemon Boy. If you have yet to discover your favorite, I'm betting you find it among the varieties mentioned above.
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AVAILABLE THIS WEEK
EDIBLES
TOMATOES quart $3
Hybrid Better Boy, Big Beef, Champion, Jetsetter, Lemon Boy, Momotaro Paste Roma, San Marzano Heirloom Aunt Ruby's German Green, Black Carbon, Black from Tula, Black Krim, Black Zebra, Red Brandywine, Eva's Purple Ball, Hawaiian, Kellogg's Breakfast, Mortgage Lifter, Watermelon Beefsteak, Yellow Perfection Cherry & Grape Black Cherry, Red Grape, Juliet, Sugary, Sungold, Supersweet 100 PEPPERS quart $3 Assortment of Sweet, Mild and Hot
PEPPERS 6-pack $3
Red Bell, Golden Bell, Carribean Red Habanero OTHER VEGETABLES quart $3
Eggplant (Asian long purple), Snap peas, Zucchini squash STRAWBERRIES quart $3
Albion, Seascape HERBS quart $3
Huge Selection! FIGS 1-gallon $22
Black Mission Flanders Kadota Panache FIGS 5-gallon $35
Gary's Strawberry Italian Everbearing POMEGRANATE 1-gallon $20
Desertnyi Eugenia Jambos ROSE APPLE 5-gallon $30
ORNAMENTALS Carex 'Frosted Curls' SEDGE quart $4 Carex oshimensis Evergold GOLDEN SEDGE 1-gallon $9 Cercis MEXICAN REDBUD TREE 15-gallon $80 Coleonema pulchellum PINK BREATH OF HEAVEN 1-gallon $9 Coleonema pulchellum Sunset Gold BREATH OF HEAVEN 1-gallon $9 Convolvulus mauritanicus GROUND MORNING GLORY 1-gallon $9 Gaillardia 'Goblin' 1-gallon $6 Hebe pimmeloides 'QUICKSILVER' 1-gallon $9 Hymenosporum flavum SWEETSHADE 5-gallon $40 Laurus nobilis SWEET BAY 1-gallon $12 Ophiopogon 'Nigrescens' BLACK MONDO GRASS 1-gallon $11 Phormium 'Guardsman' NEW ZEALAND FLAX 5-gallon $40 Romneya coulteri MATILIJA POPPY 1-gallon $12 Rosmarinus oficinalis 'Tuscan Blue' ROSEMARY 1-gallon $8 Salvia greggii 'Mesa Rose' AUTUMN SAGE quart $4 Salvia 'Mystic Spires' SAGE quart $4 Saxifraga 'Peter Pan' SAXIFRAGE 1-gallon $9 Strelitzia juncea BLADELESS BIRD OF PARADISE 15-gallon $120
AND MUCH MORE!
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Please visit us at our farmers market locations. EVERY FRIDAY 9am-1pm Mission Viejo Farmers Market
Mission Viejo Library 200 Civic Center Drive, Mission Viejo Exit 5 at La Paz going east, turn right onto Marguerite, turn right on Civic Center
EVERY SATURDAY 9am-1pm Old Towne Orange Farmer & Artisans Market
Historic Villa Park Orchards Packing House at Chapman College 304 N. Cypress, Orange 3 blocks north and 4 blocks west of the traffic circle (Glassell X Chapman) in Orange
EVERY SUNDAY 10am-2pm The Great Park Farmers Market
The Great Park, Irvine Exit 5 at Sand Canyon, turn south on Marine Way (parallels east side of the 5) follow the signs
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26285 Verona Place
Mission Viejo, California 92692
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