| March 26, 2012 | 2012, Issue # 07 |
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During the Legislative Session, CCM produces this weekly report to inform members and the Legislature about pending bills that propose (1) new unfunded mandates or (2) mandates relief for towns and cities.
Sometimes even well-intended bills will have negative impacts on residential and business property taxpayers.
CCM urges municipal officials to speak with their legislative delegation about the impact these bills would have on your community.
- Please feel free to share this report with
other officials in your community. -
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DEEP'S PHOSPHORUS REDUCTION STRATEGY
Unfunded Mandate of Sizable Magnitude
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires regional administrators to enforce the provisions of the federal Clean Water Act. "Nutrient enrichment" has been identified as a concern by EPA and therefore, in Region 1, they are requiring all New England states to create mechanisms for addressing phosphorus levels in waterways.
The particular approach chosen by DEEP to meet EPA's requirement, places the burden of a statewide need to reduce Phosphorus levels in waters on the backs of certain water pollution control facilities - thus placing the financial burden of this Strategy on the ratepayers and residential and business property taxpayers of these towns and cities.
Affected municipalities seek assistance in developing and implementing a more workable, cost-effective approach to comply with EPA standards. Stakeholders are eager to work together to arrive at a workable solution to this issue.
CCM's new webpage provides additional details and will updated as more information becomes available, please use he following hyperlink:
PHOSPHORUS REDUCTION MANDATE
UNFUNDED MANDATE OF SIZABLE MAGNITUDE
Early cost estimates to comply with the stringent standards proposed in DEEP's Strategy, based on consultant reports some towns have already undergone, indicate a statewide impact of greater than $100 million.
To-date, calculations have been made for the following 5 municipalities totaling $88.2 million.
- Cheshire $7.2 million
- Danbury $30 million
- Meriden $13.5 million
- Southington $18.5 million
- Wallingford $19 million
These costs don't even touch the ongoing operating and maintenance costs for each facility after the plant upgrades have been completed and placed online.
Many of the affected municipalities have cited that meaningful reduction levels could be achieved through additional chemical treatment at a fraction of the cost of the plant upgrades - somewhere in the range of $500,000 per plant.
SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS WITH DEEP's APPROACH
In addition to the staggering costs for compliance with the proposed limits, collaborative discussions with affected municipalities have identified the following significant problems with the DEEP's approach:
- DEEP has not clearly defined the expected improvement in water quality that would be achieved as a result of their proposed significant reductions in phosphorous discharge.
- DEEP has indicated that the phosphorous levels for all permits in this 5-year permit cycle are to be considered "interim" and that they may impose stricter limits in a subsequent permitting cycle. DEEP has indicated that for this reason permitted entities "might be wise to build to the lower concentration limits".
- The permit limits proposed by DEEP only take into consideration current plant flows and not design flows. Thus locking plants into a no-growth position. Given the interim nature of the current limits, and the need to build prudently for future demand, the general approach for the towns will be to design to a concentration that reflects full plant capacity.
- While DEEP has acknowledged that non-point sources are contributors of phosphorous loading in Connecticut rivers and streams, their strategy targets only the NPDES permit holders and has not developed or promoted a comprehensive program to curtail non-point sources.
STATEWIDE APPROACH NEEDED
Affected towns and cities across Connecticut are seeking:
- Developing and implementing a more workable, cost-effective approach to comply with EPA standards. Stakeholders are certainly willing to work together to arrive at a workable solution to this issue but, thus far, that has proven difficult. And,
- Increasing the funding level for phosphorous removal project grants to 100% of the cost of the project and the creation of a specific set-aside within the Clean Water Fund sufficient to fund all phosphorous removal projects required pursuant to DEEP-imposed permit limits.
We would welcome support in developing reasonable compliance alternatives and/or providing full grant funding support for phosphorous projects.
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| PROPOSED NEW UNFUNDED MANDATES | |
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HB 5024
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ELECTION DAY REGISTRATION
Among other things, would allow for voter registration on Election Day throughout Connecticut.
While CCM understands the rationale behind this proposal -- to increase voter participation. We have concerns about the fiscal impact to towns and cities. Registrars of Voters have indicated that there would be a need for additional staffing and resources on election day, the busiest day of the year for their office, in order to meet this new initiative.
Current Location: Government Administration and Elections Committee
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HB 5029
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NEW ADMINISTRATIVE BURDEN ON SCHOOLS
Would require school districts to have high school students in their Sophomore year complete an assessment of their "college readiness". Should any student demonstrate lack of preparedness for college, a remediation plan must be implemented.
Certainly college preparedness should be the goal for all students in all districts; however, implementing a new "assessment" of any kind will increase the administrative and financial burden on local and regional school districts. Such districts are already struggling with meeting the plethora of existing mandates on their backs.
Current Location: Higher Education and Employment Advancement Committee
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HB 5178
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SYNCHRONIZING PRESCRIPTION REFILLS
Would mandate individual insurance policies cover refills of prescription drugs made in accordance with a plan to synchronize refilling multiple prescriptions for certain insured persons.
The expansion of insurance coverage will increase insurance costs and thus premiums, which will eventually be borne by policy holders - municipalities, to name one. This would result in increased insurance costs statewide.
Current Location: Insurance and Real Estate Committee
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HB 5203
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STATE-MANDATED RANDOM SELECTION OF ARBITRATORS
Would eliminate local CEO authority (and union representatives') to select their respective arbitrator - and instead, would impose a new state mandate that stipulates that arbiters be randomly selected and assigned by the State Board of Mediation and Arbitration. This bill has an incorrect fiscal note, as the proposal would be a new "STATE MANDATE" on all towns and cities.
CCM has long-advocated for modest adjustments to local collective bargaining in order to preserve the integrity of the process, including recommendations that would have established guidelines for arbitrators' qualifications (that they are members of either the American Arbitration Association, or the Alternative Dispute Resolution Center). HB 5203 would be the opposite of a modest reform by abolishing the right of both parties to select an arbitrator.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5233
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SPECIAL WORKERS' COMPENSATION BENEFITS FOR FIREFIGHTERS
Would create a new unfunded state mandate by requiring professional counseling be compensable under the Workers' Compensation Act for firefighters diagnosed with mental or emotional injuries -- defined as post-traumatic stress disorder -- as a result of witnessing a death of a firefighter.
Towns and cities currently offer extensive Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) to employees suffering from stress. These existing benefits provide all employees counseling, therapy, and other essential services to assist them and their families during difficult periods. This proposed mandate would unnecessarily and inappropriately create a new, costly special benefit -- without any state financial assistance.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5235
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NEW PERSONNEL FILES MANDATE
Would, among other things, mandate that all local officials shall, no less than 10 days after receipt of a written request from a former employee, permit such former employee to inspect, and if requested, copy their personnel files -- and stipulates the timeframe and reasonable location of such "inspections." Would also mandate that local officials provide employees with written copies of any documentation of any disciplinary action imposed on employees no less than 24 hours after the date of imposing such action -- and that local officials must immediately notify employees, in writing, of their intent to terminate their employment.
Municipal leaders know best how to administer their communities -- and do so on a daily basis. This proposal would impose an unnecessary, new administrative burden on already strained local resources.
Current Location: Labor and Public Employees Committee
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HB 5240
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MANDATED DOUBLED-AWARDS
Would require local officials pay double the amount of an award as a result of a civil action decided in favor of an employee or labor union, and places the onus on municipalities to argue otherwise.
Current Location: Labor and Public Employees Committee
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HB 5314
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JEOPARDY TAX COLLECTION
Would require tax collectors to notify property owners before a jeopardy tax collection.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5316
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MANDATES PROHIBITION
MANDATES RELIEF:
Section 1 would enact a statutory prohibition to against the passage of new unfunded state mandates without a 2/3 vote of both chambers of the General Assembly
UNFUNDED MANDATES:
Sections 2 and 3 would require the state auditors to audit the books and accounts of any municipality that receives more than 35% of its revenue from the state, and has a population over 30,000.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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HB 5317
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INTEREST ON DELINQUENT PROPERTY TAXES
Would (1) give municipalities the option to charge interest of 12%, instead of 18%, to delinquent property taxpayers, and (2) require that the interest be charged per day instead of per month. This proposal could create a $14.5 million hole in municipal budgets.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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HB 5320
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BONDS FOR SUBDIVISIONS
Would tighten the language in Public Act 11-79. However, would also prohibit zoning commissions from regulating the issuance of building permits for structures built pursuant to an approved site plan and located on a lot abutting an unaccepted highway or street.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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HB 5341
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ZONING ENFORCEMENT
Would set arbitrary deadlines for municipal officials to reply to applications. If officials fail to respond within such deadlines, the applications would be deemed approved.
Current Location: Commerce Committee
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HB 5348
HB 5349
HB 5350
HB 5354
SB 304
SB 305
SB 359
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NEW MANDATES ON SCHOOL TIME AND RESOURCES
Would create a new curriculum mandates on local school districts, such as financial literacy, CPR training, and labor history. CCM does not take issue with the policy goals these bills represent. Rather that these bills would add more unfunded state mandates on school time, school curriculum, school staffing, and school resources.
Each year new curriculum mandates are proposed. Absent relief from other curriculum mandates, at what point will additional hours have to be added to the school day in order to accommodate each and every new requirement of existing mandates on towns and cities and school districts.
Current Location: Public Health Committee, Education Committee, Banks Committee
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HB 5405
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STATEWIDE MILL RATE FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
Would establish a statewide mill rate for motor vehicles.
Although CCM appreciates the intent behind this proposal, it would (1) require revenue to go to the State to be doled out to municipalities, and (2) establish winners and losers among municipalities due to a statewide uniform mill rate.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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HB 5469
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STATEWIDE MILL RATE FOR COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLES
Would establish a statewide mill rate for commercial motor vehicles.
Although CCM appreciates the intent behind this proposal, it would (1) require revenue to go to the State to be doled out to municipalities, and (2) establish winners and losers among municipalities due to a statewide uniform mill rate.
Current Location: Commerce Committee
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HB 5538
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SOLAR PANEL EXEMPTION FROM PROPERTY TAXES
Would require that towns and cities make solar panels and other such installations on business and industrial property exempt from the property tax.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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SB 13
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MANDATES TELEMEDICINE COVERAGE
Would mandate that health insurance policies cover costs for medical advice, diagnosis, care or treatment provided through "telemedicine" (interactive audio, video, or data communication).
The expansion of insurance coverage will increase insurance costs and thus premiums, which will eventually be borne by policy holders -- municipalities to name one. This would result in increased insurance costs statewide.
Current Location: Senate Floor
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SB 18
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EXPANSION OF COVERAGE FOR INFERTILITY TREATMENTS
Would mandate that all health insurance policies cover costs for certain infertility treatments for up to age 45 (currently up to age 40).
There would be significant cost implications on local budgets already dealing with increases in health insurance. This would result in increased insurance costs statewide.
Current Location: Insurance and Real Estate Committee
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SB 19
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MANDATED COVERAGE FOR HEAD LICE TREATMENTS
Would mandate that all health insurance policies cover costs for prescription drugs for the treatment of head lice.
The expansion of insurance coverage will increase insurance costs and thus premiums, which will eventually be borne by policy holders - municipalities to name one. This would result in increased insurance costs statewide.
Current Location: Insurance and Real Estate Committee
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SB 90
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TREE WARDENS - HAZARDOUS TREES
Would impose a new unfunded mandate on towns and cities and open up the potential for liability on the part of local tree wardens.
Not all tree wardens are employees of municipalities; some provide the service to their community on a volunteer basis. Expanding their mandate to now have to address issues on private properties could significantly increase their workload. Furthermore, should a property owner fail to take action on a tree that a tree warden determined "poses a present or potential hazard" and a loss is incurred as a result of such tree we are concerned about the liability exposure of the municipality and/or individual tree warden.
Current Location: Environment Committee
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SB 97
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BREAST SCREENING INSURANCE MANDATE
Would prohibit certain municipal health insurance policies from imposing such expenses as copayments or deductibles on breast ultrasound screenings. This proposal has been identified by the nonpartisan Office of Fiscal Analysis as a "STATE MANDATE" on municipalities and could "increase costs to certain fully insured municipal plans which require member cost sharing...".
Current Location: Senate Floor
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SB 98
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COLONOSCOPY SCREENING INSURANCE MANDATE
Would prohibit certain municipal health insurance policies which charge a deductible for such screenings which lead to other related services rendered in conjunction with the screening. This proposal has been identified by the nonpartisan Office of Fiscal Analysis as a "STATE MANDATE" on municipalities that "may result in increased premium costs" for fully insured municipalities.
Current Location: Senate Floor
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SB 102
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LOCAL BUILDING STANDARDS
Would prohibit towns and cities from enacting ordinances that contain building codes that are stronger than that of the state's.
Current Location: Planning and Development Committee
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SB 150
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NEW FMLA MANDATE
Would require towns and cities provide municipal paraprofessionals benefits in accordance with the federal Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA), by reducing the number of hours paraprofessional employees must work in order to qualify for certain family FMLA benefits.
Current Location: Senate Floor
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SB 151
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NEW WORKERS' COMPENSATION BENEFITS MANDATE
Would, among other things, mandate that municipalities obtain written approval from the Workers' Compensation Commissioner before discontinuing, reducing, or denying benefits that are deemed reasonable by a physician -- and would allow employees to choose the course of medical care when employers seek to change claimants' care.
In an identical proposal from last session (SB 986, File No. 64, 2011), the non-partisan Office of Fiscal Analysis determined that this proposal would be a new "STATE MANDATE" on municipalities that would "result in potential significant impact" on local budgets, "as it increases the number or routine examinations and treatments required to be covered and creates additional requirements for employers [towns and cities] to dispute such treatments".
Current Location: Labor and Public Employees Committee
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SB 189
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IMMUNIZATION EXEMPTION NOTIFICATION
Would require schools to notify the Departments of Education and Public Health of children who have not received a scheduled immunization due to other medical necessities or religious beliefs.
Current Location: Public Health Committee
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SB 193
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BACKGROUND CHECKS FOR YOUTH CAMPS
Would require that municipalities and others running youth camps require persons to submit to state and national criminal background checks if such persons are (1) beginning employment at such camps, (2) volunteering at such camps, or (3) associated with such camps and are transporting children attending such camps.
Current Location: Human Services Committee
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SB 202
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MANDATED INSURANCE COVERAGE FOR HEARING AIDS
Would mandate that all health insurance policies cover costs for hearing aids for people from age 55-65.
This proposal does not provide any state financial assistance to cover added costs. The expansion of insurance coverage will undoubtedly increase insurance costs and thus premiums, which will eventually be borne by policy holders - municipalities to name one.
Current Location: Insurance and Real Estate Committee
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SB 206
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MANDATED ADDITIONAL SPECIAL HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE
Would mandate that all health insurance policies cover costs for treatments related to specific pediatric disorders associated with strep infections.
Any expansion of insurance coverage will increase insurance costs and thus premiums. This would result in increased insurance costs statewide.
Current Location: Insurance and Real Estate Committee
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SB 245
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VIDEOTAPING OF POLICE OFFICERS LIABILITY
Would increase municipal liability exposure and encourage litigation, by allowing persons to sue police officers if such officers prevent the taking of pictures, under certain circumstances. Would provide immunity to municipalities under certain circumstances.
Current Location: Judiciary Committee
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SB 265
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INCREASED COSTS FOR SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
Would increase the solid waste assessment fee, from $1.00 to $1.50 per ton, for any "Connecticut-generated" solid waste deposited out-of-state for processing -- a 50% increase in this fee.
It is an unconstitutional and costly unfunded state mandate.
In addition, DEEP is taking steps to place requirements on permittees that will mandate adherence to the priority hierarchy for disposal of waste, as recommended in the state's Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP) -- a guidance document that is not codified in regulation or statute. CCM is concerned about DEEP unilaterally imposing such potentially costly requirements on new permits. (The City of Danbury is estimating the rule will cost the City $6 million.)
CCM believes that a new mandate such as this, which will have huge fiscal implications, should emanate through either the regulatory or legislative process.
Therefore, CCM urges the following: (1) require that DEEP utilize the proper regulatory process if they chose to proceed with any new mandates on permits, and ensure that all parties, including the Legislative Branch, are able to participate in the discussion; or (2) take no action on the underlying proposal in this bill.
Current Location: Environment Committee
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SB 332
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UTILITY TERMINATION
Would prohibit a utility from terminating service to a nursing home facility for a period of sixty days after such utility company has petitioned the Superior Court for the appointment of a receiver of the rents or payments.
Current Location: Energy and Technology Committee
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SB 360
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FORECLOSURE MEDIATION MANDATE
Would, among other things, require the judicial branch to create a form concerning notice of community-based resources to parties involved in foreclosure mediation and require municipalities to include the form with any statements sent to the homeowner regarding debt owed by the homeowner for public sewer, water services or property taxes.
Current Location: Banks Committee
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HB 5035
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GOVERNOR'S MANDATE RELIEF PACKAGE:
Would provide relief to local government in several areas:
Local Assessment of Partially Completed Structures:
Would clarify municipal authority to assess, for the purposes of local property taxes, partially constructed structures by amending CGS 12-64 to include "improvements that are partially completed or under construction." Not enacting this proposal could cost municipalities approximately $30 million statewide in lost property tax revenue.
Background: Kasica v. Town of Columbia, a Superior Court decision dated October 6, 2011, decreed that municipalities are not permitted to assess partially constructed structures until completion and the issuance of a certificate of occupancy.
Phase-out of Health Insurance Premium Tax:
Would phase out the health-insurance premium tax on municipalities by (a) cutting the tax rate by 50% beginning 2014, (b) by another 25% for 2015, and (c) eliminating the premium tax on municipalities altogether for 2016. When fully implemented, it would save towns and cities $9 million.
CCM has long advocated for protecting municipalities from the premium tax as a tangible step that the State can take to help cut costs for property taxpayers. The premium tax costs municipalities up to $9 million each year. The tax is 1.75% on fully insured municipal premiums. Municipalities that are self-insured do not pay the premium tax. But some municipalities, particularly small towns, cannot reasonably consider self-insurance as an option, because just one catastrophic illness could have a severe negative impact on a local budget.
Storage of Evicted Tenants Possessions:
Would (1) allow municipalities to assess landlords for the cost of storing evicted tenants' possessions, and (2) permit tenants to request that such possessions be stored an additional 15 days. The tenant would pay full expenses for such storage.
Although some relief was provided to towns and cities by eliminating the portion of this mandate that required municipalities transport such items - the existing mandate to store items continues to drain local finances and resources. While municipalities are allowed to try to recoup some of the costs by auctioning off the items, municipalities must incur costs associated with conducting an auction (including publicizing the auction, etc.). And, usually the possessions are not sellable - ultimately, the revenue generation does not meet full reimbursement. Therefore, requiring municipalities to collect receipts from landlords and calculate the amount of reimbursement might be an added administrative burden.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5155
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PEST MANAGEMENT ON SCHOOL GROUNDS
Would reinstate the requirement that Integrated Pest Management plans (IPM) be used on public and private school grounds in Connecticut to manage pest control on fields and facilities, and expand the requirement to include high schools.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5315
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ONLINE NOTIFICATIONS FOR SUBDIVISION APPLICATIONS
Would authorize planning commissions to notify regional planning agencies of subdivision applications by email.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5316
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MANDATES PROHIBITION
MANDATES RELIEF:
Section 1 would enact a statutory prohibition to against the passage of new unfunded state mandates without a 2/3 vote of both chambers of the General Assembly
UNFUNDED MANDATES:
Sections 2 and 3 would require the state auditors to audit the books and accounts of any municipality that receives more than 35% of its revenue from the state, and has a population over 30,000.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5318
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CHARTER REFORM
Would allow municipalities to enact charter reform without having to make wholesale changes.
Current Location: House Floor
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HB 5521
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ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS
Would allow certain required notices to be provided via electronic means, rather than in hard copy through the mail. Not only would this significantly streamline the process of providing such notification, it will reduce costs for paper, printing, and postage.
Current Location: Government Administration and Elections Committee
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SB 27
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GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS ONLINE
Would be the first step in transitioning all state agency regulations, and public notices, to be published online. CCM supports this more efficient and cost effective mechanism for making notice of and hosting final versions of state regulations. Providing such important information online makes it more widely accessible to people across the state and elsewhere, as well as in a timelier manner
Current Location: Government Administration and Elections Committee
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SB 89
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MATTRESS RECYCLING
Would create a state-wide mattress stewardship program for end-of-life management of mattress disposal in which mattress producers are responsible for creating, financing, and managing an environmentally sound program to (1) minimize public sector involvement in the management of post-consumer mattresses by negotiating and executing agreements to collect, transport, reuse, renovate, recycle, burn for energy recovery and dispose of post-consumer mattresses, regardless of brand; (2) provide for the free, convenient and accessible state-wide collection of post-consumer mattresses that; (3) provide for producer-financed end-of-life management for discarded mattresses, including transportation from a number of locations including municipal transfer stations; (4) provide suitable storage containers at permitted municipal transfer stations for segregated, discarded mattresses, at no cost to such municipality; and (5) cover the costs for the program.
According to an April 2011 survey conducted by the Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, a very conservative estimate of the current costs to towns and cities for managing the disposal of post-consumer mattresses in Connecticut exceeds $1.2 million each year. Similar to the Paint Stewardship and E-Waste programs preceding it, a properly designed Mattress Stewardship Program would take the financial and administrative burden of end-of-life disposal for these items off the back of local governments. This is a no-cost proposal for the state that would result in significant statewide savings for municipalities.
Current Location: Environment Committee
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SB 96
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EXEMPTION FROM THE HEALTH INSURANCE PREMIUM TAX
Would eliminate this burdensome tax on or after July 1, 2012. The premium tax costs municipalities up to $9 million each year. The tax is 1.75% on fully insured municipal premiums. Municipalities that are self-insured do not pay the premium tax. However, some municipalities, particularly small towns, cannot reasonably consider self-insurance as an option, because just one catastrophic illness could have a severe negative impact on a local budget.
Current Location: Finance, Revenue and Bonding Committee
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SB 218
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CONSOLIDATION OF POLLING PLACES FOR PRIMARIES
Would allow municipalities to designate polling places other than those used during a general election - allowing local registrars of voters to achieve a level of savings by consolidating polling places, when appropriate. It is estimated that a savings in excess of $10,000 could be achieved for a small town.
Current Location: Government Administration and Elections Committee
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SB 254
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PHOSPHORUS MANDATE RELIEF
Would place certain restrictions on the use of Phosphate-containing fertilizers in an effort to reduce the levels of Phosphorus in Connecticut waterways:
CCM supports this bill as a statewide approach.
As CCM testified before your committee, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) is in the process of implementing a "Phosphorus Reduction Strategy for Inland Non-Tidal Waters ("Strategy")" which will impact at least 40 municipalities across Connecticut and cost millions of dollars in plant upgrades to comply.
CCM believes that a new mandate such as this, which will have huge fiscal implications, should emanate through either the regulatory or legislative process. Therefore, CCM urges amending the bill and (1) require DEEP to promulgate regulations to address Phosphorus and (2) expand the use of Clean Water Fund grants and loans to include "nutrient" reduction requirements above and beyond nitrogen.
Current Location: Environment Committee
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| CCM - KEEPING MEMBERS INFORMED | |
CCM's website and Legislative Action Center are designed to ensure critical information is easily accessible for local officials on legislative and regulatory actions.
In addition, CCM is is embracing today's new media outlets as a way inform members and educate state elected officials and the public of CCM's advocacy efforts. Please follow us on Facebook and Twitter, and be sure to view events on CCM's YouTube site.
Along with many items of interest, on our website you will find such things as:
New content is added daily, if you are not already doing so...
** PLEASE MAKE OUR SITE YOUR FIRST STOP EVERY DAY **
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If you have questions concerning this Mandates Report or on any state-local issues, please contact CCM's Public Policy & Advocacy Team:
- Jim Finley, Jr., Executive Director and CEO
- Ron Thomas, Director of Public Policy & Advocacy
- Kachina Walsh-Weaver, Senior Legislative Associate
- Bob Labanara, Senior Legislative Associate
- Donna Hamzy, Legislative Associate
- Mike Muszynski, Legislative Analyst
- George Rafael, Senior Government Finance Analyst
- Kevin Maloney, Member & Public Relations Director
- Quanette Rhodes, Executive Services Administrator
- Carolyn Ryan, Public Policy & Advocacy Administrative Associate
...or via phone at (203) 498-3000.
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