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Welcome to the Policetraining.net Newsletter
In this issue
we continue to bring you important training topics of current interest.
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By Rick Armellino
Baker Batshield
Reprinted from Policeone.com
Deadly day at the office
The deranged gunman walked in, granting just enough time for the receptionist to stand up and ask the simple question, "Can we help you"? The shooting barrage began, and another deranged homicidal and suicidal coward would be immortalized, brutally trading a warped sense of fame in return for the precious lives of innocent victims.
The American Civics Association building in downtown Binghamton, New York would forever remain a footnote in the massacre record books, along with the names of the victims and the police response.
Seriously wounded, the receptionist lay quietly on the floor, playing dead after taking a shot to the stomach. Bleeding and in great pain, she was lucky to be alive. Her co-worker seated next to her at the reception counter was not so fortunate, her bleeding body lay dying a short distance away, hit multiple times - including the head.
When shot, 61 year-old Shirley DeLucia stumbled backwards, fell down and played dead. The shooter swiftly shot her co-worker and moved on, searching for fresh targets, which he soon located in a nearby classroom.
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WITH
DR.
LAURA
ZIMMERMAN
ILEETA
Use of
Force Journal
By placing officers in ambiguous
situations and challenging them to make difficult decisions they
increase the experience bases that they can draw on in real
incidents. It is important to create live training scenarios
that incorporate ambiguity, complexity (important and
unimportant information), continually changing conditions, and
multiple acceptable courses of action. The scenarios should
contain difficulties that challenge newer officers to perform
like experienced officers and embed factors that challenge even
seasoned officers. To do this, instructors need to know the
components of tough decisions and the cognitive
differences between newer and more seasoned officers.
This
article summarizes research findings about officers' decisions
to shoot during a live simulation. This research is part of a
larger study to understand police decision making at different
experience levels (Zimmerman, 2006). Thirty-four officers
participated in this research and their experience ranged from
one to 29 years. Most had between 1-3 years, or 8+ years
experience. For this simulation, officers used Simunition�
marking cartridges. Scenario: The officer
is on patrol when a witness flags him down and states that a
sexual assault is occurring in an abandoned building. The
witness also states that the perpetrator may have been holding a
gun. The officer will enter the building to investigate. He
finds a man in a room alone, holding a cell phone but no weapon.
The man is visibly upset and not responding to the officer. The
subject eventually starts to reply, but is evasive and angry. He
eventually produces a pistol and raises it toward his own head.
He finally lowers the weapon but does not drop it. Eventually he
points the weapon toward the officer. He will force a lethal
encounter if necessary by firing at the officer.
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By
John E. Reid & Associates
During an interview a subject freely chooses which words or phrases to use when
responding to the investigator's question. This choice is not random or
haphazard; it is carefully selected to offer either the most accurate response
possible or to avoid the anxiety telling less than the truth would cause.
Consider the following homicide example where Bob was found stabbed to death at
7:00:
Q: "When did you last see Bob?"
R(1) "Right around 4:00 Tuesday afternoon."
R(2) "I believe it was sometime on Tuesday."
R(3) "As far as I remember it was earlier this week."
R(4) "Its been quite awhile."
R(5) "I really can't say."
From these responses alone, it is not possible to say which ones suggest
deception. Some variables that influence this assessment include how long ago
the subject did, in fact, see Bob, the subject's frequency of seeing Bob and the
likelihood that the subject would specifically remember the last time he saw
Bob. What can be stated with confidence is that each response, starting with
R(1) through R(5), accepts less and less personable responsibility.
The anxiety a subject avoids by selecting certain phrases in his response may be
the result of uncertainty, embarrassment, loss of self-esteem or the fear of
having a lie detected. To help identify possible deception, the context in which
a statement is made is a key consideration. As an example, consider the subject
who is asked, "At any time did you touch Katie's bare vagina?" and his response
is, "I don't believe that has ever happened" or, "I would have to say that I did
not." Both responses reflect a lack of certainty concerning the alleged
behavior. If the subject was a grade school teacher he has no legitimate reason
to be uncertain about contact with her vaginal area, and deception should be
suspected. On the other hand, if the subject was a physician who gave Katie a
sport's physical the uncertainty may be understandable.
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 Top Ten Reasons why you know (to a high degree of certainty) you've arrested the right person:
- Arrestee's head hung down in shame in booking photo.
- You've got a black eye from the scuffle.
- The arrestee has 2 black eyes from the scuffle.
- The arrestee's lawyers were at the station before you arrived.
- There's (cocaine, weed, meth, drug of choice)...everywhere!
- Arrestee has discernable means of income but lives in a mansion with a commanding view of the bay.
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Arrestee is flipping you the bird in booking photo.
- Snitch told you he was the right guy.
- His woman told you he was the right guy.
- He smells bad....really bad...no, I mean reeeaallly bad.
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