horiz logo w tagline
 
 
Bette Frick
The Text Doctor®
cropped Dr Frick
In This Issue
In praise of the topic sentence
Latest edition of The Gregg Reference Manual
The 'Ask-it Basket"
For fun: The O. Henry Pun-Off
Favorite things: Online flashcards
Join the Doctor's
Mailing List
Click here 
Quote of the Month
Whatever you are, be a good one.

Abraham Lincoln
Cool Links
Poll: The "Ask-it Basket"
The "Ask-it Basket" needs your questions!

Since I love to answer your questions about writing and answer them, go to the "Ask-it Basket" survey and fire away. What really perplexes you about writing in the English language?
Last month's poll results
Last month, I asked if you were willing to change and use one space after end punctuation. Here's what you said:

final poll results one space

63% said "Yes"; 27% said "No"; and 10% had no idea what we were talking about!
The Text Doctor's Diagnosis
June 2010

Greetings!

Apparently, we skipped spring in the Rockies and went right from snow to summer. I was tempted to skip writing this month so that I could enjoy our June weather, but I managed to resist. Hope you enjoy this June issue.
In praise of the topic sentence and good paragraph structure

Many years ago when I first began my teaching career, there was a movement among English teachers to stimulate creativity in writing among our students. One aspect of this movement was to ignore teaching topic sentences and other paragraph structuring tools on the grounds that these might stifle writers' creativity.

Well, that "free-your-inner-writer" theory may work for novelists and poets, but for future technical writers, it wasn't very helpful. We know now that readers of technical material, especially those unfamiliar with the concepts presented in the text, appreciate a paragraph formula like this:
  • Topic sentence to introduce or explain what lies ahead in the paragraph
  • Evidence, details, examples, or proof to support the topic sentence
  • Summary of your points or a mention of the topic in the first part of the next paragraph
Look at this paragraph from my favorite magazine, The Economist. I've highlighted the topic sentence in blue and the evidence in yellow:

Economis good paragraph structure

(Please note: The next paragraph in the article repeated the topic, as the "formula" above suggests.)

I like the unobtrusive structure employed by The Economist. I'll bet your readers would like to read such clear, coherent paragraphs in your writing.

***********************
(The paragraph above appeared in "You've been framed: Consumers are suckers for 'special' deals that are costlier than they first appear." The Economist: 395;8684, May 29, 2010, p. 78.)
Tour de style guides: The LATEST Gregg Reference Manual (11th ed.)
Gregg 11th edIf you've taken one of my writing classes, you know that I sing the praises of the Gregg Reference Manual as the very best reference guide for business writers. If you don't need to use a specialized style manual such as AMA (American Medical Association Manual of Style) or ACS (American Chemical Society Style Guide), you'd be wise to invest in Gregg.

The 11th edition commemorates the life of Bill Sabin, who worked on this publication from 1964 to 2009 (he died on January 1, 2009). The front material consists of personal and professional tributes to this much loved man. I spoke with him on the phone once in 2002; he was gracious and funny.

His last effort on the manual "has been revised and enhanced to satisfy the continually evolving demands of business and academic writers." It offers a distinction between basic rules, which we use every day, and fine points that occur less often but still cause writers trouble. The basic rules appear in a handy, highlighted panel for easy reference.

I don't yet have an opinion as to whether you should buy the 11th edition if you already own the 10th (my copy arrived only recently), but if you don't already own the 10th but have been meaning to buy a style manual, I'd suggest that this edition is beautiful, current, and useful.

The Gregg Reference Manual: A Manual of Style, Grammar, Usage, and Formatting, 11th edition, 2010. McGraw-Hill
ISBN: 978-0-07-339710-8
List price from publisher: $66.33
Amazon: $45.87

For you, the "Ask-it Basket"

Ask-it basketI often pass around an "Ask-it Basket" in my classes and presentations, as I have learned that many employees are reluctant to raise a hand to ask a question in front of their peers. I'm extending this opportunity to you, my loyal readers. Each month, I'll publish an anonymous question and answer it, so get your pen...er...keyboard ready!

My thanks to Tracy, who recently wrote to ask:

"How do you know when to use 'who' and when to use 'whom'? Is the word 'whom' fading away? I don't see it used very often and never know when to use it myself."

Tracy, The Gregg Reference Manual (sections 1061c and d), explains the difference in depth. "Use who whenever he, she, they, I, or we could be substituted..."  "Use whom whenever him, her, them, me, or us could be substituted."

Some examples may help:

  1. Who shall I say is calling? (I shall say he is calling.)
  2. To whom were you talking? (You were talking to them.)
I know, I know, it can be confusing, but when I restate the sentence structure as you see above, it is easier to figure out.

Shoot me your questions!
For fun: The O. Henry Pun-Off

Every May, lovers of puns compete at the O. Henry Museum in Austin, Texas. (According to Wikipedia, "the pun, or paronomasia, is a form of word play which exploits the ambiguity of a statement, allowing it to be understood in multiple ways for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. These ambiguities can arise from the intentional use and abuse of homophonic, homographic, metonymic, or metaphorical language. A pun must be deliberate: an unintentional substitution of similar words is called a malapropism.")

Here's an example of a pun from Funniest Puns and Jokes: "I couldn't quite remember how to throw a boomerang, but eventually it came back to me."

This year's winner in the punning contest appears on YouTube. To see more puns, visit punpunpun.

Not everyone likes puns.
These are a few of my favorite things: Online flashcards at Flashcard Exchange
I've been studying statistics as part of my certification as a medical editor; it's not a pretty sight to see me tear my hair out trying to learn all the terms and formulas. Then my son told me about Flashcard Exchange, an online site where you can do the following:
  • Create an unlimited number of flashcards.
  • Create flashcards in any language.
  • Share your flashcards with everyone on the internet.
  • Import flashcards from text files, Microsoft Excel, and other sources.
  • Create flashcards with images (jpegs).
  • Create audio flashcards (mp3).
  • Include a "hint" to assist in the study process.
  • Create three-sided flashcards.
  • Download your flashcards to an iPhone.
I sure wish this site had been available when I was in graduate school in the last century!

If you use another resource to build and study flashcards, please let me know, and I'll share it with my loyal readers.

Thanks to those readers who pledged my tenth-and-last MS 150 ride in Minnesota to raise money to fight Multiple Sclerosis. I greatly appreciate your support!

Sincerely,

Elizabeth (Bette) Frick
The Text Doctor®