Jenike & Johanson
Pharmaceutical E-Newsletter Fall 2008
 
Table of Contents
Do You Have A Segregation or Blending Problem?
Do You Have A Production Rate Limitation?
Upcoming Course Offerings
Recent Pharmaceutical Publications
Jenike & Johanson Background
Quick Links
 
Upcoming Training Courses:

Rio Grande, Puerto Rico November 10-12, 2008

Atlanta, Georgia      December 10-12, 2008 

Greetings! 
 
Greetings!
 
Welcome to the Fall 2008 issue of Jenike & Johanson's Pharmaceutical e-Newsletter.
 
We are prepared to assist you with projects at any stage of the product development process, from initial materials characterization to solving full-scale production problems.  This e-newsletter is a launching point for understanding common powder handling challenges and corrective actions that can be used in this industry.
Do You Have a Segregation or Blending Problem? 
 
sifting segregationWhen content uniformity issues arise during formulation development or routine production, it can be challenging to determine the root cause of the problem.  As a starting point, you may ask:
 
  • Is the blend uniformity (BU) data within specification?
  • Has the blend been properly sampled (stratified sampling procedure, properly selected thief, etc.)?
  • Is the BU variation due to within or between location variation?
  • How is the blend transferred to the press/encapsulator/dosing machine?
  • Is an Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) used in the process?
  • Is a transfer chute used in the process?
  • Is the content uniformity (CU) within specification?
  • Have the dosage units been properly sampled (stratified sampling procedure)?
  • Is the CU variation due to within or between location variation?

We have worked on over a hundred projects diagnosing and solving BU and CU problems.   We can assist you in determining the root cause of a problem and providing corrective actions using a typical project approach by offering such key engineering services as materials characterization and consulting.

Do You Have A Production Rate Limitation?
 
Permeability TesterIt is often challenging for formulators and process engineers to determine if a target production rate (tableting/encapsulation rate) can be achieved during the early stages of development.   Production rate limitations can arise as a result of two-phase (powder:air) flow effects.
 
J&J can answer these concerns during development by conducting bench-scale materials characterization tests on a small sample of powder, and use this information in a flow rate analysis of an existing or proposed feed system at full-scale.  By conducting such an analysis we can determine:
  • What maximum feed rate can be obtained
  • What changes to the material properties (e.g., the particle size distribution) are beneficial
  • What modifications to the feed system (chute, press hopper, etc.) are beneficial

We have posted a new web page detailing how this feed rate analysis is conducted.  This valuable information may help you prevent feed rate problems before they occur by addressing concerns at the early stage of development or addressing an existing problem.

Powder & Bulk Solids Handling Course
 
Jenike & Johanson engineers will be presenting their Conferencepopular powder and bulk solids handling course for ASME/AIChE (American Society of Mechanical Engineers and American Institute of Chemical Engineers) in Rio Grande, Puerto Rico on November 10-11, 2008.  
 
The course is intended for formulation and research scientists, design engineers, production floor personnel, and others concerned about the proper flow of bulk materials in the pharmaceutical production environment.  This course has been presented to thousands of attendees and to dozens of pharmaceutical companies.
  
Recent Pharmaceutical Publications   
 
For more information on the following publications, please contact Jenike's librarian directly via email or telephone at 978-649-3300.
  •  "Predicting, diagnosing, and solving mixture segregation problems" by John Carson and Herman Purutyan, Powder and Bulk Engineering, January 2007, Volume 21, Number 1, pp. 35-43.
  • "Preventive Medicine:  Keys to Avoiding Powder Flow Problems" by Thomas Baxter,  published in Tablets & Capsules, March 2007, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 36.
  • "Preventing Solids Flow and Segregation Problems During Precision Material Manufacturing Operations" by Roger Barnum, Materials Science and Technology 2007 and Conference and Exhibition.
  • "The Effect of Particle Size Changes on Two-Phase Flow Behaviors" by Roger Barnum, Thomas Baxter and James Prescott, presented at 2007 AAPS in San Diego, California.
  • "Blender Selection and Avoidance of Post-Blender Segregation" by Eric Maynard, Chemical Engineering, May 2008, Volume 115, No. 5, pp. 67.
  •  "Flow:  General Principles of Bulk Solids Handing" by Thomas Baxter, Roger Barnum and James K. Prescott, Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms:  Tablets, Third Edition, Volume 1:  Unit Operations and Mechanical Properties, Chapter 3, edited by Larry L. Augsburger and Stephen W. Hoag, 2008.
  • "Blending and Blend Uniformity" by Thomas P. Garcia of Pfizer and James K. Prescott of Jenike & Johanson, Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms:  Tablets, Third Edition, Volume 1:  Unit Operations and Mechanical Properties, Chapter 4, edited by Larry L. Augsburger and Stephen W. Hoag, 2008.
Background of Jenike & Johanson 
 
Jenike & Johanson is a consulting engineering firm specializing in the science and technology of bulk solids handling. In our four laboratories in the United States, Canada, and Chile, we have tested more than 10,000 bulk solids and used the results to design accurate, cost-effective solutions to flow-related problems for more than 3,000 companies around the world in such industries as cement, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, energy, mining, consumer goods, solid waste, and more.
 
We have over forty years experience applying practical, science-based technologies to implement robust processes, and a history of solving difficult challenges others cannot resolve.    
 
We look forward to providing you with practical, cost-effective solutions to your bulk solids handling problems
 
Learn more about Jenike & Johanson's role in the pharmaceutical industry.
We look forward to providing you with practical, cost-effective solutions to your bulk solids handling problems.
 
Sincerely,
Thomas Baxter, Roger Barnum, & Jim Prescott
Jenike & Johanson, Inc.