As winter has drifted away and now we can see the green grass again we need to focus our safety awareness to the proper handling and use of outdoor tools. A list of outdoor safety tips can never be complete. No one can warn us against unforeseeable circumstances, nor are even the most cautious of us immune to Murphy's Law.
Besides, what one person regards as an "obvious" danger will catch another quite by surprise. When all is said and done, the best outdoor safety tips are those that are broadest in nature, and aim to inform of the overall approach with a healthy concern. In other words the best defense against injury is common sense.
With spring here and summer fast approaching county employees will be working more and more outdoors using various types of tools and equipment, and will be exposed to a variety of outdoor hazards.
The following safety tips may help prevent an employee from having an accident and being injured.
USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Safety begins with the personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by employees. Before beginning outdoor work employees need to assess the tasks to be performed and choose the correct personal protective equipment to be used for each activity.
Here are some general guidelines to follow:
· Wear the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for the equipment
being operated.
· Properly fitting, long or short-sleeved shirts and long pants are best to prevent
injury from the sun as well as scratches and bites.
· High-top, lace-up shoes and boots with traction soles and steel-reinforced toes
provide support and protection to the workers' toes, feet and ankles.
· Face shields or goggles protect eyes from dust and flying particles.
· Wraparound sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection are recommended by the
Centers for Disease Control as a means of reducing the risk of cataracts from sun
exposure. Most sunglasses provide this protection.
· Appropriate hearing protection devices (ear muffs, ear plugs) provide protection
from noise produced by equipment.
· Proper respiratory protection may be necessary in extremely dusty conditions.
· Appropriate head protection such as hard hats is indicated when working under low
branches or where there may be a hazard from falling objects.
· Gloves should be selected based upon the task to be performed. Various glove
styles provide hand protection from hazards such as cuts, scrapes, chemical /
thermal burns and vibrating equipment.
Remember, this is not an all inclusive list of the PPE that may be required. Employees must evaluate each task at hand to determine what PPE is needed.
GENERAL SAFETY TIPS
Below is a list of general safety tips for employees to follow when working outdoors.
· Read the operators' manuals to become familiar with the equipment's controls, and
how to use the equipment safely. Know how to disengage and stop the
equipment quickly in the event of an emergency.
· Check over and inspect the equipment carefully for loose, broken or damaged parts
prior to use. Repair or replace the equipment prior to use.
· Never allow inexperienced workers to operate equipment. Ensure that employees
have received the proper training and instruction. Be certain operators are
physically and mentally capable of using the machine.
· Educate employees on the hazards associated with operating equipment while on
medications that can impair judgment.
· Electrically operated equipment must be properly grounded or double insulated.
Always use a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI).
· The work area should be carefully surveyed for potential hazards. Make certain
children; animals and bystanders move a safe distance away. Remove sticks,
bottles, hidden wires, posts and other debris that could be thrown by the
equipment.
· Never allow employees to operate gasoline or diesel-powered equipment inside a
building. This will prevent deadly carbon monoxide buildup.
· Ensure employees rest periodically during strenuous jobs such as digging or sawing.
Work-rest schedules vary according to temperature conditions, how strenuous the
work is, and how acclimated employees are to the workload.
· Make sure emergency telephone numbers are clearly posted and that first aid kits
are available and employees know how to use the contents.
To complete outdoor work requires employees to use various pieces of equipment while they are performing their job tasks. Each piece of equipment has unique hazards. Here are a few safety tips to that employees need to know.
BLOWER SAFETY
· Start and run the equipment in an upright position.
· Operate the blower with tubing attached.
· Direct the discharge of debris away from people, animals, glass and solid objects
that could cause material to ricochet.
· Blowers should not be used from ladders, trees, rooftops or other unstable
surfaces.
· Blowers should not be used for spreading or misting chemicals, fertilizers or other
toxic substances.
CHAINSAW SAFETY
· Keep the chain sharpened to specifications.
· Never drop-start the chainsaw.
· Avoid kickback by keeping the saw's guide bar nose away from logs, branches or
the ground.
· Maintain balance during use by locking the elbows and spreading the feet apart -
while keeping the blade off to the side.
· Avoid cutting anything above shoulder level.
EDGER SAFETY
· Be sure the blade is disengaged before starting the engine.
· Hold the edger with both hands in a comfortable, well-balanced stance.
· Keep hands and feet well clear of the cutter blade.
· Watch the discharge direction carefully. Direct it away from people, animals,
children, windows, etc. Be alert for situations that could cause ricochets.
· Disengage and stop the engine before adjusting or repairing. Unplug electric
models. Wait for all parts to stop moving.
HEDGE TRIMMER AND POWER SHEARS SAFETY
· Select a trimmer with the cutting teeth and guards close enough together so that
fingers cannot fit between them.
· Select a trimmer that has two handles, including a wide forward handle high above
the cutting blade.
· Select a trimmer that is lightweight and easy to handle.
· Do not operate the trimmer above chest height.
· Keep hands and body away from the blades.
· Keep the cord of electric models away from the trimmer to avoid damage or cuts to
the cord.
· Work slowly and deliberately. Plan cuts before they are made.
· Stop the engine or unplug electric models before cleaning or adjusting.
LAWN MOWER SAFETY
· Do not push a running mower over gravel, stone or hard objects such as pipes,
rocks or sidewalks.
· Push the mower forward; do not pull.
· Mow across slopes. If slipping does occur, feet will be less likely to get caught in
the blade.
· Keep hands and feet clear of the blade housing and the discharge chute.
· Do not run with push-powered mowers.
· Be sure all safety devices are in position and working - rear shield, grass chute
deflector, handle up stops and "deadman" control.
· Be sure grass is dry before cutting, to prevent the operator from slipping.
· Disconnect the spark plug wire before attempting to service, adjust or repair the
mower.
RIDING MOWER SAFETY
· Ensure that the riding mower is equipped with a working engine interlock and a
"deadman" control.
· Be sure the mower and transmission are disengaged before starting the engine.
· Drive the mower up and down gentle slopes for stability. Back up moderate slopes,
and avoid steep slopes completely.
· Turn off the engine and wait for moving parts to stop before dismounting and
remove key.
· Slow down when turning sharply and on slopes to avoid tipping.
· Keep the discharge chute pointed away from buildings, people and animals.
· Keep hands and feet away from all moving parts.
· Disconnect the spark plug wire and remove the ignition/starter key before
attempting to service, adjust or repair the mower.
TRACTOR MOWER SAFETY
· Make sure the tractor is equipped with a roll-over protective structure (ROPS) and
seat belt. If no seat belt have the tractor mower retrofitted with a seat belt.
· Only trained and experienced employees should operate a tractor-mower.
· Inspect the tractor prior to use and make sure all safety guards and features are in
place.
· Check overhead clearance of electrical wires and other obstructions.
· If driving on public roads, be sure the slow moving vehicle (SMV) emblem is in
place.
· Mow up and down slopes with rear-mount, pull-type, and wing-type mowers.
· Mow across slopes with side-mount, offset and sickle bar mowers.
This list is by no means all-inclusive. Please read the manufacturer's operating manual before using any piece of equipment.
FUELING SAFETY
Today, much of the outdoor equipment and tools are either gas or diesel-powered. The following safety precautions should be followed to reduce the risk of accidents to employees while fueling equipment:
· Fuel tanks should be filled out of doors over bare ground with a cool engine.
· Fuel caps should be removed slowly and held at the semi-locked position until
pressure is released from the fuel tank.
· Portable power equipment should be moved at least 10 feet from the fueling spot
before turning on the equipment.
· Do not allow smoking while handling fuel.
· Store fuel in approved flash-proof safety cans.
· Have fire extinguishers and other firefighting equipment nearby.
· Ensure that spills are immediately cleaned up.
CHEMICAL SAFETY
Employees often use and work with a variety of lawn chemicals. These chemicals have a variety of hazardous properties.
· It is important that all containers are labeled properly and that material safety data
sheets (MSDSs) are available.
· If chemicals must be transferred from the original container to another, make sure
the secondary container is labeled properly.
· Proper PPE is crucial when working with lawn chemicals to avoid unnecessary
exposure. Remember that employees can carry these hazardous chemicals home on
their clothes. Have employees bring an extra change of clothes and remind them to
wash their contaminated clothes separately.
The daily tasks performed by employees working outdoors can be dangerous. Employees need to be provided with the tool of knowledge to help combat potential outdoor dangers and to avoid having a workplace injury.
For more information regarding handling and using outdoor tools e-mail Senior Loss Control Specialist, Gary Nicholson, or call (800) 895-9039.