1. Never leave home without it---no, not THAT card.  Make sure you have your insurance ID card and emergency contact information with you.

2. Read the fine print.  Review your current benefits to see what your options are if you need medical care when you're away from home. Your destination, whether domestic or international, and how long you're staying may impact your coverage. Contact your insurer to discuss your options.

3. Make sure you follow your routine. Schedule a routine check-up before, rather than after, your trip and get any recommended vaccinations. If you need regular blood tests, get allergy shots, or receive ongoing therapy, find out how to access these services when you're away.

4. Get set for emergencies. Your plan may not fully reimburse you for services you receive from out-of-network providers, even in an emergency. So, be extra prepared and know the name and location of in-network hospitals and emergency care facilities at your destination.

5. Consider short term insurance. A supplemental health benefits plan as well as medical evacuation insurance can be a real benefit. If you're planning exotic doings in exotic locations, such as scuba diving in the Great Barrier Reef, look into coverage specific to your needs.

6. Make sure you get your medications. Stow your prescriptions in your carry-on bag in the original packaging along with you. Find out what your options are if you need a refill when you're away.

7. Take care of the kids. Your children are more likely to get sick than you are.  Their imune system is still developing and they may not wash their hands as often as you.  Make sure that their coverage under policy is up-to-date, and take their health information (immunizations, allergies, and current medications) along with you. 

with thanks to Navigating Your Health Benefits for Dummies